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Y1 Thermodynamics - Sem 1 > Lectures 1-3 > Flashcards

Lectures 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Absolute Pressure is…

A

The actual pressure at a given position. Relative to Absolute Vacuum (absolute zero pressure)

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2
Q

Gage pressure is…

Equation is…

A

Difference between absolute pressure and local pressure

P (gage) = P (abs) - P (atm)

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3
Q

Vacuum pressure is…

Equation is…

A

Pressure difference that the absolute pressure is below the Atmospheric pressure

P (vac) = P (atm) - P (abs)

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4
Q

Pascal’s Law states that…

A

Pressure of a fluid in a confined space is the same throughout the fluid.

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5
Q

Atmospheric pressure is often referred to as…

A

Barometric pressure

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6
Q

Isothermic process is…

A

Constant TEMPERATURE

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7
Q

Isobaric process is…

A

Constant PRESSURE

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8
Q

Isochoric process is…

A

Constant VOLUME

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9
Q

Adiabatic system is…

What can cross the system boundary?

A

Insulated system where no heat is transferred to surroundings.

Work.

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10
Q

Macroscopic forms of energy are…

Examples

A

Energy that the system processes as a whole.

Kinetic and potential

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11
Q

Microscopic forms of energy are…

A

Energy that is at the molecular level

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12
Q

Sensible energy is…

A

Internal energy that is associated with the kinetic energy of the molecules in the system

Portion of internal energy

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13
Q

Internal energy is…

Denoted with the letter…

A

The sum of all microscopic forms of energy (molecular energy)

U

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14
Q

Latent energy is…

A

Internal energy that is associated with the phase of a system

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15
Q

Chemical energy is…

A

Internal energy associated with the atomic bonds in a molecule of a sytem

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16
Q

Nuclear energy is…

A

Internal energy associated with the strong bonds within the nucleus of an atom itself (huge amounts of energy)

17
Q

State work…

A

The energy transfer due to a force acting through a distance

18
Q

Examples of work interactions in thermodynamics…

A

Rising piston, rotating shaft, even an electric wire crossing the system boundaries

19
Q

State a pure substance…

A

A substance with a fixed chemical composition throughout

20
Q

Compressed liquid is…

Aka…

A

A substance that is not about to vaporize

Aka Subcooled liquid

21
Q

Saturated liquid is…

A

A liquid that is about to vaporize, BUT still FULLY liquid

22
Q

Saturated (liquid-vapor) mixture is…

A

The state at which the liquid and vapor coexist in equilibrium of […]

23
Q

Saturated vapor is…

A

A vapor that is about to condense but remains fully gaseous

24
Q

Superheated vapor is…

A

A vapor that is not about to condense as it has additional energy to maintain its state

25
Q

What does the area under a vapour dome represent for the state of the substance?

A

It is in the process of boiling. As they coexist under the line of vapour/liquid saturation

26
Q

On a steam table, if your value for any (specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy) fall between the given values for Sat Liquid and Sat Vapour, what state is the substance in?

A

Saturated mixture

27
Q

On a steam table, if your value for any (specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy) falls below the given value for Sat Liquid, what state is the substance in?

A

Compressed liquid

28
Q

On a steam table, if your value for any (specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy) falls above Sat Vapour, what state is the substance in?

A

Superheated vapour

29
Q

On a steam table, if your value for any (specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy) is equal to the Sat Liquid, what state is the substance in?

A

Saturated Liquid

30
Q

On a steam table, if your value for any (specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy) is equal to the Sat Vapour, what state is the substance in?

A

Saturated vapour

31
Q

Why are there no compressed liquid steam tables?

A

We assume that the liquid is in a state of IMCOMPRESSIBILITY

32
Q

Steam Quality is…

Denoted by the letter…

A

Ratio of mass in the vapour phase, relative to the total mass

x

33
Q

Formula for steam quality

A

Quality = mass of vapour / total mass

34
Q

Critical point is…

A

The temperature and pressure at which no phase change is observed

35
Q

Supercritical is…

A

any point above the critical temperature where there is a very high pressure due to liquid and vapour mixing

Y1 Thermodynamics - Sem 1 (2 decks)

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