Lectures 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Absolute Pressure is…

A

The actual pressure at a given position. Relative to Absolute Vacuum (absolute zero pressure)

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2
Q

Gage pressure is…

Equation is…

A

Difference between absolute pressure and local pressure

P (gage) = P (abs) - P (atm)

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3
Q

Vacuum pressure is…

Equation is…

A

Pressure difference that the absolute pressure is below the Atmospheric pressure

P (vac) = P (atm) - P (abs)

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4
Q

Pascal’s Law states that…

A

Pressure of a fluid in a confined space is the same throughout the fluid.

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5
Q

Atmospheric pressure is often referred to as…

A

Barometric pressure

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6
Q

Isothermic process is…

A

Constant TEMPERATURE

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7
Q

Isobaric process is…

A

Constant PRESSURE

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8
Q

Isochoric process is…

A

Constant VOLUME

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9
Q

Adiabatic system is…

What can cross the system boundary?

A

Insulated system where no heat is transferred to surroundings.

Work.

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10
Q

Macroscopic forms of energy are…

Examples

A

Energy that the system processes as a whole.

Kinetic and potential

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11
Q

Microscopic forms of energy are…

A

Energy that is at the molecular level

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12
Q

Sensible energy is…

A

Internal energy that is associated with the kinetic energy of the molecules in the system

Portion of internal energy

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13
Q

Internal energy is…

Denoted with the letter…

A

The sum of all microscopic forms of energy (molecular energy)

U

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14
Q

Latent energy is…

A

Internal energy that is associated with the phase of a system

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15
Q

Chemical energy is…

A

Internal energy associated with the atomic bonds in a molecule of a sytem

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16
Q

Nuclear energy is…

A

Internal energy associated with the strong bonds within the nucleus of an atom itself (huge amounts of energy)

17
Q

State work…

A

The energy transfer due to a force acting through a distance

18
Q

Examples of work interactions in thermodynamics…

A

Rising piston, rotating shaft, even an electric wire crossing the system boundaries

19
Q

State a pure substance…

A

A substance with a fixed chemical composition throughout

20
Q

Compressed liquid is…

Aka…

A

A substance that is not about to vaporize

Aka Subcooled liquid

21
Q

Saturated liquid is…

A

A liquid that is about to vaporize, BUT still FULLY liquid

22
Q

Saturated (liquid-vapor) mixture is…

A

The state at which the liquid and vapor coexist in equilibrium of […]

23
Q

Saturated vapor is…

A

A vapor that is about to condense but remains fully gaseous

24
Q

Superheated vapor is…

A

A vapor that is not about to condense as it has additional energy to maintain its state

25
What does the area under a vapour dome represent for the state of the substance?
It is in the process of boiling. As they coexist under the line of vapour/liquid saturation
26
On a steam table, if your value for any (specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy) fall between the given values for Sat Liquid and Sat Vapour, what state is the substance in?
Saturated mixture
27
On a steam table, if your value for any (specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy) falls below the given value for Sat Liquid, what state is the substance in?
Compressed liquid
28
On a steam table, if your value for any (specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy) falls above Sat Vapour, what state is the substance in?
Superheated vapour
29
On a steam table, if your value for any (specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy) is equal to the Sat Liquid, what state is the substance in?
Saturated Liquid
30
On a steam table, if your value for any (specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy) is equal to the Sat Vapour, what state is the substance in?
Saturated vapour
31
Why are there no compressed liquid steam tables?
We assume that the liquid is in a state of IMCOMPRESSIBILITY
32
Steam Quality is... Denoted by the letter...
Ratio of mass in the vapour phase, relative to the total mass x
33
Formula for steam quality
Quality = mass of vapour / total mass
34
Critical point is...
The temperature and pressure at which no phase change is observed
35
Supercritical is...
any point above the critical temperature where there is a very high pressure due to liquid and vapour mixing