Lecture_02 Flashcards
Elicitation Creativity Personas Scoping
What are two main sources of requirements?
Users (stakeholders) and system constraints.
Why is requirements elicitation difficult?
-Domain knowledge is often implicit and spread across multiple sources.
-Tacit knowledge makes it hard for users to express their needs.
-Observer bias and hidden agendas can influence responses.
What is the “say-do” problem in elicitation?
People often describe their processes differently from how they actually perform them.
What are some biases that can affect elicitation?
Fear of job automation.
Personal agendas influencing responses.
Observer effect changing behavior.
Why is identifying all relevant stakeholders important?
Missing stakeholders can lead to missing requirements, conflicting priorities, and incomplete system design.
What is the role of the “Smart Ignoramus” in elicitation?
A requirements engineer who asks smart but naive questions to clarify assumptions.
What are the four types of elicitation techniques?
-Traditional (e.g., documentation, interviews, surveys).
-Collaborative (e.g., focus groups, prototyping).
-Contextual (e.g., observation, participatory design).
-Cognitive (e.g., think-aloud protocol).
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using documentation for elicitation?
-Advantages: Can be reviewed independently, doesn’t require stakeholder time.
-Disadvantages: May be outdated, not reflect actual practices, or contain complex domain-specific terms.
What are the three types of interviews in elicitation?
Structured.
Semi-structured.
Open-ended.
What is a major drawback of surveys/questionnaires in elicitation?
They lack flexibility for follow-up questions and risk misinterpretation.
How does social media help in requirements elicitation?
It provides large-scale user opinions and sentiment analysis but may not represent all user groups accurately.
What is a persona in RE?
A fictional character representing a specific type of user to better understand needs and behaviors.
What key elements should a persona include?
-Fictional name.
-Demographics (age, job, background).
-Goals and tasks related to the system.
-Environment and constraints.
Why should personas be based on real data rather than assumptions?
To ensure accuracy and relevance to actual user needs.
Why is creativity important in RE?
Users may only request features they have seen before, limiting innovation. Creative techniques help uncover new possibilities.
What are the three types of creativity in RE?
-Exploratory: Finding new ideas within existing knowledge.
-Combinatorial: Merging different concepts to create something new.
-Transformational: Changing fundamental rules to create breakthrough ideas.
What are some creativity techniques used in RE?
Brainstorming, Hall of Fame/Bright Sparks, Pairwise Comparison, Assumption Busting, Roleplaying.
What is the MVP (Minimal Viable Product) approach in RE?
Building the simplest functional version of a product before adding more features.
Why is scoping important in RE?
Problems are often boundless; scoping helps focus on a manageable set of features and users.
How should scoping decisions be made?
Based on core functionality, feasibility, and stakeholder priorities.
How do power dynamics affect elicitation?
Junior employees may hesitate to share concerns, while senior stakeholders may dominate discussions.
What is a common mistake when creating personas?
Using assumptions instead of data-driven research.
What is the difference between creativity and innovation in RE?
Creativity is about generating novel ideas, while innovation is about implementing those ideas successfully.
Why is brainstorming useful in RE?
It helps generate a wide range of ideas quickly and removes creative blocks.
