Lecture1&2

Question 1

What’s is Hardware?

Answer 1

The visible and physical elements of computer

Question 2

What does software do?

Answer 2

Provide instructions that controls the hardware and make it perform specific tasks

Question 3

….. is the physical aspect of the computer that can be seen

Answer 3

Hardware

Question 4

What’s the brain of a computer?

Answer 4

CPU

Question 5

List five major hardware components of a computer

Answer 5

CPU , Memory, Storage devices, Input/Out Devices, and Communication Devices

Question 6

The speed of the CPU may be measured in ?
A. Megabytes B. Gigabytes C. Megahertz D. Gigahertz

Answer 6

(بالسلايدز مذكور فقط megahertz )
megahertz

Question 7

What does 1 megahertz equal in pulses per second?

Answer 7

1 million pulses per second

Question 8

From where does the CPU retrieve its instructions?
- A. The hard drive
- B. The graphics card
- C. The memory
- D. The printer

Answer 8

C The Memory

Question 9

A memory unit consists of:
- A) Eight bits, called a byte
- B) Four bits, called a byte
- C) Sixteen bits, called a byte
- D) Two bits, called a byte

Answer 9

A) Eight bits, called a byte

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true about memory?
- A) Memory is used to store long-term data
- B) Memory interacts directly with the input and output devices
- C) Memory stores data and instructions for the CPU to process
- D) Memory only holds data permanently

Answer 10

C) Memory stores data and instructions for the CPU to process

Question 11

Why is memory considered volatile?
A) Because it stores data permanently
B) Because data is lost when the power is turned off
C) Because it cannot store programs
D) Because it only stores input and output devices

Answer 11

B) Because data is lost when the power is turned off

Question 12

** Where are programs and data stored permanently in a computer system?**
A) Memory
B) CPU
C) Storage devices
D) Input devices

Answer 12

C) Storage devices

Question 13

Give examples of storage devices

Answer 13

Disk drives (hard disks and floppy disks) and
USB flash memory.

Question 14

Which of the following describes the difference between memory and storage?
A) Memory is volatile and temporary, while storage is non-volatile and permanent
B) Memory is non-volatile, while storage is volatile
C) Memory stores data permanently, while storage holds temporary data
D) Memory is faster and larger than storage

Answer 14

A) Memory is volatile and temporary, while storage is non-volatile and permanent

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT considered hardware in a computer system?
A) CPU
B) Monitor
C) Operating System
D) Mouse

Answer 15

C) Operating System

Question 16

Which device is classified as an input device?
A) Monitor
B) Printer
C) Keyboard
D) Speaker

Answer 16

C) Keyboard

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a high-level programming language?
A) Assembly
B) Machine language
C) C++
D) Binary code

Answer 17

C) C++

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a system program?
A) Web browser
B) Word processor
C) Microsoft Windows
D) Spreadsheet software

Answer 18

C) Microsoft Windows

Question 19

Which programming language would be best for scientific programming according to the slides?
A) Java
B) FORTRAN
C) C++
D) Pascal

Answer 19

B) FORTRAN

Question 20

In which form does machine language express its instructions?
A) English-like commands
B) Hexadecimal code
C) Binary code
D) Assembly code

Answer 20

C) Binary code

Question 21

Why do high-level programming languages need a compiler?
A) To translate the program into assembly language
B) To translate the program into machine code
C) To write the program in binary
D) To execute the program directly

Answer 21

B) To translate the program into machine code

Question 22

Why do computers use binary (zeros and ones)?
A) It simplifies programming.
B) It is the foundation of all number systems.
C) Computers have two stable states, representing 0 and 1.
D) Binary can represent any number.

Answer 22

C) Computers have two stable states, representing 0 and 1.

Question 23

Which of these is NOT an example of a high-level programming language?
A) Java
B) Assembly
C) C++
D) Python

Answer 23

B) Assembly

Question 24

In which programming language do you write instructions using binary code?
A) High-level languages
B) Assembly language
C) Machine language
D) Scripting languages

Answer 24

C) Machine language

Question 25

According to the slides, which programming language would best suit web programming?
A) COBOL
B) Pascal
C) Java
D) FORTRAN

Answer 25

C) Java

Question 26

What does a compiler do in the context of programming languages?
A) Runs high-level language code directly
B) Translates high-level code into machine code
C) Translates machine code into assembly
D) Executes machine code step by step

Answer 26

B) Translates high-level code into machine code

Question 27

Which of the following best defines an algorithm?
A) A complex mathematical formula
B) A set of sequential steps to solve a problem
C) A flowchart to visualize a problem
D) A programming language

Answer 27

B) A set of sequential steps to solve a problem

Question 28

What is pseudocode used for?

Answer 28

Explaining algorithms in an easy-to-read format

Question 28

In a flowchart, what symbol is used to represent a decision?

Answer 28

Diamond(الماسة)

Question 29

What does the parallelogram(متوازي الاضلاع) symbol in a flowchart represent?

Answer 29

An input or output operation

Question 30

What is pseudocode?

Answer 30

English-like representation of an algorithm

Question 31

What is the first step in the problem-solving approach?

Answer 31

Analyzing the problem

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a component of analyzing a problem?
A. Identifying inputs
B. Identifying outputs
C. Writing code
D. Identifying processing operations

Answer 32

C. Writing code

Question 33

In which step do you translate the algorithm into code?

Answer 33

Implementing the algorithm