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Lecture Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Lower Cross Syndrome

A

Tight Thoracolumbar Extensors, Weak Abdominals, Weak Glutes, Tight Iliposoas & Rectus Femoris

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2
Q

Common location for Vertebral Artery imingement?

A

C1 due to sharp medial turn

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3
Q

Atlanto-Occipital Joint Arthro

A

convex occipital condyles on concave superior facets

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4
Q

AO Osteo

A

convex occipital condyles on concave superior facets

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5
Q

AO Flexion limited by

A

Bony contact of dens and foramen magnum

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6
Q

AO Extension limited by

A

Compression of occiput on sub occipital muscles

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7
Q

Atlantoaxial Joint Artho

A

pivot joint between dens of C2 and anterior arch of C1/transv

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8
Q

AA Osteo

A

Flex/Ext, Lateral Flexion, ROTATION!

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9
Q

Intervertebral Joint Arthro

A

Sliding and tilting superior vertebra on intervertebral discs

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10
Q

Facet Joint Arthro

A

sliding of inferior facet of the vertebrae above and & SUP facet of the vertebrae below

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11
Q

Intervertebral and Facet Joint Osteo

A

Flex/Ext, Lat Flex, Rotation

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12
Q

Cervical Facet Orientation

A

45 degrees in frontal plane

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13
Q

Cervical Flexion ROM

A

Goni: 45
Inclino: 50

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14
Q

Cervical Lateral Flexion ROM

A

Goni: 45
Inclino: 45

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15
Q

Cervical Rotation ROM

A

Inclino: 80

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16
Q

Cervical Extension ROM

A

Goni: 45
Inclino: 60

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17
Q

Cervical Flexion limited by:

A

Interspinous ligament, Posterior Longitudinal Ligament, posterior part of annulus fibrosus, ligamentum flavum

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18
Q

Cervical Extension limited by:

A

Bony contact of facets, Anterior Longitudinal Ligament, anterior part of annulus fibrosus

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19
Q

Cervical Lateral Flexion limited by:

A

Intertransverse ligaments, vertebral process/bodies, lateral parts of annulus fibrosis

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20
Q

Cervical Rotation limited by:

A

Annulus Fibrosis

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21
Q

Facet joints limited by:

A

Synovial joint capsule/capsular ligaments

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22
Q

Upper Cross Syndrome

A

Inhibited Neck Flexors, Inhibited Rhomboids & Serratus Anterior, Tight Upper Trap & Levator Scapula, Tight Pecs

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23
Q

Thoracic Extension limited by:

A

Spinous Processes

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24
Q

Thoracic Flexion Arthro

A

superior vertebrae tilts ant, translates ant, facet joints: inferior facet of superior slides upward on superior facet of inferior

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25
Q

Thoracic Lateral Flexion Arthro

A

facet downslides on same side and up slides on contralateral

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26
Q

Thoracic Rotation Arthro

A

superior vertebrae rotates on inferior vertebrae…impact of inferior facet of sup vert on sup facet of inferior vert. on opposite side

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27
Q

Thoracic Flex/Ext Osteo

A

facets T1-T6 = frontal plane…limited flex and ext

Facet T6-T12 = more sagittal alignment… allows more flex/ext

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28
Q

Thoracic Lat Flex/Rotation Osteo

A

Ribs restrict in upper/middle thorax

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29
Q

Lumbar Flex Artho

A

inferior vertebral facet of superior body slides upwards

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30
Q

Lumbar Lat Flex Arthro

A

inferior vertebral facet on superior slides down towards lat flex, up on other

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31
Q

Lumbar Rot Arthro (left)

A

right inferior facet of superior body, impacts superior facet of inferior body

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32
Q

Lumbar Flex/Ext Osteo

A

facet joints in sag plan = more flexion/ext, limits lat flex and rotation
L5-S1 most flexion, little to no rot/lateral flexion

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33
Q

Lumbar Lat Flex/Rot Osteo

A

Upper L-spine more (L1-L2, L2-L3)

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34
Q

Trunk Flexion ROM

A

TM: 10cm
Inclino: 60

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35
Q

Trunk Extension ROM

A

Goni: 35
Inclino: 25 (L-spine)

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36
Q

Trunk Lateral Flexion ROM

A

TM: 22cm
Goni: 35
Inclino: 25 (L-spine)

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37
Q

Trunk Rotation ROM

A

Goni: 45
Inclino: 30 (T-spine)

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38
Q

Trunk Flexion Functional ROM: Sit to stand

A

35 Degrees

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39
Q

Trunk Flexion Functional ROM: Picking up item from floor

A

60 degrees

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40
Q

TMJ Osteo

A

depression (mouth opening), elevation (mouth closing), protrusion, retraction/retrusion, and lateral deviation

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41
Q

TMJ Depression/Elevation Arthro

A

sagittal plane; condylar rotation combined with sliding of the condyles on the inferior surface of the discs

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42
Q

TMJ Protrusion/Retrusion Arthro

A

bilateral condyles and discs translate together along temporal articular eminences; upper joint; no rotation (more of a glide)

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43
Q

TMJ Lateral Deviation Arthro

A

one mandibular condyle and disc slide inferior, anterior, & medially; the other rotates and slides within mandibular fossa

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44
Q

TMJ Depression ROM

A

35-50mm

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45
Q

TMJ Elevation ROM

A

Teeth contact

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46
Q

TMJ Protrusion ROM

A

3-7mm

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47
Q

TMJ Lateral Deviation ROM

48
Q

Hip Stability

A 
Depth of acetabulum;
Labrum (negative intracapsular pressure, sealing cartilage layers, and holds fluid in the joint to assist with impact loading);
Joint Capsule;
Ligamentous support (Iliofemoral (Y lig) pubofemoral, ischiofemoral);
Iliopsoas crossing joint
49
Q

Hip Arthro

A

Proximal joint surface: concave acetabulum
Distal Joint surface: convex femoral head
Consider proximal on distal vs distal on proximal!

50
Q

Hip Flex ROM

A

120 degrees

51
Q

Hip Ext ROM

A

30 degrees

52
Q

Hip ABD ROM

A

45 Degrees

53
Q

Hip ADD ROM

A

30 degrees

54
Q

Hip ER ROM

A

45 degrees

55
Q

Hip IR ROM

A

45 degrees

56
Q

HIp End Feel:

A

Flex & ADD: Soft/firm

EXT, ABD, ER/IR: firm

57
Q

Hip Capsular Pattern

A

FLEX > ABD > IR (order can vary)

58
Q

Hip Flex Functional ROM: sit to stand

A

98-101 degrees

59
Q

Hip Flex Functional ROM: Tying shoes

A

120 degrees

60
Q

Hip flex during Gait:

A

30 degrees

61
Q

Hip Ext during Gait:

A

10-20 degrees

62
Q

Hip Flexion Functional ROM: Ascending stairs

A

67 degrees

63
Q

Hip Flexion Functional ROM: Descending stairs

A

36 degrees

64
Q

THA Posterolateral Precautions

A

no flex > 60-90, IR, ADD

65
Q

THA Anterior Precautions

A

varies by MD; NONE to avoid ER, ADD, ABD

66
Q

Q-angle

A

8-14 in men, 15-17 in females

67
Q

Tibiofemoral joint Arthro

A

convex medial and lateral femoral condyles articulate with concave medial and lateral condyles of the proximal tibia

68
Q

Tibiofemoral Joint Flexion

A

135 degrees

69
Q

TF Joint Ext

A

0 up to 10 hyperextension

70
Q

Screw home mechanism

A

last 10-15 of knee extension, tibia rotates externally to “lock” the knee in ext (femur internally rotates)

71
Q

Knee End-feel

A

Flexion: Firm/Soft
Ext: Firm

72
Q

Knee Capsular Pattern

73
Q

PF NWB Arthro

A

concave tibia slides in same direction on convex femur

Patella slides superior in extension & inferior in flexion

74
Q

PF WB Arthro

A

FLX: Femur posterior roll and anterior slide…menisci slide posterior
EXT: femur anterior roll and posterior slide…last part of motion, motion halts at lateral femoral condyle but slide continues at medial femoral condyle= screw home mechanism

75
Q

Knee Flex Functional ROM: Tying Shoes

A

106 degrees

76
Q

Knee Flex Functional ROM: Sitting

A

93 degrees

77
Q

Knee Flex Functional ROM: Lifting item from floor

A

117 degrees

78
Q

Knee Flex Functional ROM: Climbing stairs

A

83-105 Degrees

79
Q

Lumbar Plexus

A

Ventral Rami- T12 L1, L2, L3, L4
Anterior Division: Adductor Musculature
Posterior Division: Hip Flexors and Knee Extensors

80
Q

Sacral Plexus

A

Ventral Rami (L4), L5, S1-S3
Superior Gluteal Nerve: Glut Med
Anterior Division: post thigh, post lower leg, plantar foot
Posterior Division- Abductor musculature, hip extension

81
Q

Peripheral Nerves

A 
Femoral N L1-L4
Saphenous: sensory of medial side of leg
Obturator: L(1) 2, 3, 4
Sciatic: L4,5 : S1,2,3
Common Peroneal: L4-S2
Tibial: L4-5 S1-S3
82
Q

Tibiofibular Joint Arthro

A

DF: fibular slides superior & posterior
PF: fibula glides distal & slightly anterior

83
Q

High ankle Sprain

A

Foot on ground, hit/twisted, and external rotation occurs, torquing the talus; causes pulling apart of the syndesmosis

84
Q

Talocrural Arthro

A

concave distal tibia and fibula, convex talar dome
NWB: talus moves posterior w/DF, anterior w/PF
WB: tibia moves anteriorly w/DF, posterior w/PF

85
Q

Talocrural DF ROM

A

20 degrees

86
Q

Talocrural PF ROM

A

50 degrees

87
Q

Talocrural Ligamentous support

A

Medial: Deltoid ligament complex
Tibionavicular, anterior tibiotalar, and posterior tibiotalar
Lateral: ATF, PTF, CF
ATF-most commonly injured ligament with PF/inversion (lateral) ankle sprains

88
Q

Talocrural End Feel

A

DF/PF: Firm/hard

89
Q

Talocrural Capsular pattern

90
Q

Talocrural DF Functional ROM: rising form sitting

A

28 degrees

91
Q

Talocrural DF Functional ROM: descending stairs

A

21-36 degrees

92
Q

Talocrural PF Functional ROM: running

A

32 degrees

93
Q

Subtalar Arthro

A

Ant & Middle= convex talar facts, concave calcaneal facets, share joint capsule with talonavicular joint
Posterior: concave talar facet, convex calcaneal facet, own joint capsule

94
Q

Oblique Axis

A

42 degrees from horizontal, 16 degrees from sagittal

95
Q

Subtalar End feel

A

Inversion: Firm
Eversion: Hard/firm

96
Q

Subtalar Capsular Pattern

A

inversion>eversion

97
Q

Subtalar INV/EV ROM

98
Q

STJ and TTJ ROM Supination/Pronation

A

35 degrees each

99
Q

Transverse Tarsal Joint

A

Talonavicular: convex talus, concave navicular
Calcaneocuboid: convex-concave calcaneus, convex-concave cuboid

100
Q

Transverse Tarsal Ligamentous Support

A

plantar calcaneonavicular (spring), bifurcate (cc, CN), dorsal talonavicular

101
Q

Transverse Tarsal Osteo

A

Longitudinal & Oblique Axis (Triplanar motion)
Midfoot supination (inversion) & pronation (eversion)
Adduction/Abduction of the forefoot

102
Q

Transverse Tarsal Arthro

A

NWB inversion: navicular slides medially & dorsally on talus; cuboid slides medially (plantar)
NWB eversion: navicular slides laterally (plantar) & cuboid slides laterally (dorsal)

103
Q

MTP ROM Flex/Ext

A

1st: Flex 0-45/ Ext 0-70

Toes 2-5: Flex 0-40/ Ext 0-40

104
Q

MTP end feel

105
Q

1st MTP Capsular Pattern

A

Ext > Flex

106
Q

Supination

A

Calcaneal inversion, ADD, PF
ABD/DF of talus
ER of tibia

107
Q

Pronation

A

calcaneal eversion, ABD, DF
ADD/PF of talus
IR of tibia

108
Q

3 Arches

A

Medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal, transverse

109
Q

Pes planus

A

flat foot, pronation

110
Q

Pes Cavus

A

HIgh arch, supination

111
Q

Myotome L2

A

Hip flexion (Iliopsoas)

112
Q

Myotome L3

A

Knee Extension (Quads)

113
Q

Myotome L4

A

Ankle DF (anterior tib)

114
Q

Myotome L5

A

Great toe extension (EHL)

115
Q

Myotome S1

A

Ankle Plantar Flexion (Gastroc), Ankle Eversion (Peroneus Longus/Brevis), Hip Extension (Gluteus Maximus)

116
Q

Myotome S1-S2

A

Knee Flexion (Biceps Femoris)

117
Q

Dermatomes

A

Inside of knee : L3
Front of Knee: L4
Outside of Knee: L5

Physical Assessment (3 decks)

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