Lecture One

Question 1

a _________ can be described as any substance in food that the body can use to synthesize tissues and obtain/create energy

Answer 1

nutrient

Question 2

there are ___ types of nutrients

Answer 2

2

Question 3

___________ nutrients; a substance that must be ingested, as the body cannot produce it enough on its own

Answer 3

essential

Question 4

_____ ________ nutrients, a substance that the body requires on a daily basis but does not need to be ingested since the body can produce it on its own

Answer 4

non-essential

Question 5

a ___________ is a nutrient that is needed in relatively large amounts in the diet

Answer 5

macronutrient

Question 6

the 3 main groups include ________,_____ and _______

Answer 6

carbs, fats and proteins

Question 7

_________ are often the major source of energy for our body

Answer 7

carbohydrates

Question 8

the process of metabolism allows for proper ________ _______

Answer 8

cellular function

Question 9

there are 2 main ________ _______ that take place at a cellular level

Answer 9

metabolic reactions

Question 10

________ reactions break-down large organic molecules into smaller particles, therefore releasing the energy found in chemical bonds

Answer 10

catabolic

Question 11

through catabolic reactions _____ is created

Answer 11

ATP

Question 12

T/F depending on what molecule is broken down, the yield in ATP created will differ

Answer 12

true

Question 13

T/F catabolic reactions are 100% efficient

Answer 13

false, usually the amount yielded is about 40% ATP

Question 14

__________ increases blood glucose levels by breaking down fats and proteins

Answer 14

cortisol

Question 15

________, stimulates glycogen breakdown in the liver

Answer 15

glucagon

Question 16

___________, stimulates the heart rate and respiratory rate, therefore leading to molecule breakdown to increase free glucose

Answer 16

adrenaline (epinephrine)

Question 17

_________ reactions involves joining of small molecules to create larger ones

Answer 17

anabolic

Question 18

T/F anabolic joining processes will require ATP that was formed from catabolic reactions

Answer 18

true

Question 19

________ reactions create new molecules, cells, and tissues - i.e protein synthesis in muscle growth, development and repair

Answer 19

anabolic

Question 20

_________ hormone, stimulates growth of cells, tissues and bones

Answer 20

growth

Question 21

________-like grow factor, stimulates the growth of muscle and bone when inhibiting cell death (apoptosis)

Answer 21

insulin

Question 22

__________, increases muscle mass and is bone strengthening

Answer 22

testosterone

Question 23

__________, increases fat deposition (around organs, between muscles, in breast tissue etc)

Answer 23

estrogen

Question 24

in summary, ___________ is the sum of all catabolic and anabolic reactions in the body

Answer 24

metabolism

Question 25

___________ rate, is the amount of energy used to maintain life

Answer 25

metabolic

Question 26

T/F humans must ingest sufficient food and nutrients to maintain their own metabolic rate

Answer 26

true

Question 27

_________ _________ is the relationship between energy in food and energy out

Answer 27

energy balance

Question 28

we convert potential energy that’s stored within our food into 3 major destinations, _________,________ and _________

Answer 28

heat, work, and storage

Question 29

________ = energy output from daily physical activities, sleep and digestion

Answer 29

work

Question 30

_______= byproduct of “burning” stored energy

Answer 30

heat

Question 31

_________= when excess energy is consumed

Answer 31

storage

Question 32

name 3 things impacted by energy balance

Answer 32

hormone production, metabolism and mood

Question 33

__________ energy balance can lead to,

• decline in metabolism
• decreased bone mass
• reduction in thyroid hormones
• inability to concentrate

Answer 33

negative

Question 34

T/F negative energy balance leads to weight loss

Answer 34

false

Question 35

__________ energy balance, overfeeding, and or under-exercising can lead not only to weight loss but:

• plaque build-up in arteries
• blood pressure and cholesterol increase
• insulin resistance

Answer 35

positive

Question 36

T/F nutrition counselling is within scope for RMTs

Answer 36

false

Question 37

you must be a __________, __________ or _______ _______ to provide dietary advice etc

Answer 37

dietician, naturopath or holistic nutritionist

Question 38

T/F RMTs can answer basic questions pertaining to nutrition and nutritional concepts

Answer 38

true

Question 39

if your patient is asking you specific questions about a given topic, looking for a nutritional prescription or is suffering from an eating disorder, always ________ ______ to a dietician

Answer 39

refer out

Question 40

T/F nutritionist is a protected title in Ontario

Answer 40

false, they do not have a regulatory body

Question 41

T/F the term dietician is a protected title due to their regulatory body, similar to the CMTO

Answer 41

true