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PIMS Psychology of Grief > Lecture Notes 1 > Flashcards

Lecture Notes 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

the study of behavior and mental processes, in humans and/or animals

A

psychology

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2
Q

goals of psychology (3)

A

explain, predict, and influence thoughts and behavior

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3
Q

expert (PhD) in psychology (clinical, educational, research)

A

psychologist

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4
Q

the operation of the mind in total (thoughts, memories, dreams, rationale, etc.)

A

cognitive process

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5
Q

medical doctor who can prescribe medication to patients

A

psychiatrist

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6
Q

master’s level professional, trained to work with people with mental and emotional issues

A

therapist

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7
Q

professional who gives advice based on subject matter suited to their skill set

A

counselor

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8
Q

professional working with different methodologies providing services to groups (economic, physical, mental, social)

A

social worker

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9
Q

author of “The Psychology of Funeral Service” (1952)

A

Edward Martin

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10
Q

the helping process - phase 1

A

family and funeral director enter into a helping relationship

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11
Q

the helping process - phase 2

A

the building of the helping relationship (warmth, caring, empathy, respect, dignity)

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12
Q

the helping process - phase 3

A

exploration and assistance of the family

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13
Q

the helping process - phase 4

A

consolidation and planning

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14
Q

the helping process - phase 5

A

implementation and action

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15
Q

the helping process - phase 6

A

conclusion of the funeral process

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16
Q

the helping process - phase 7

A

post-funeral follow-up

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17
Q

emotion or group of emotions caused by a loss (internal)

A

grief

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18
Q

outward expression of grief after a loss

A

mourning

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19
Q

the event of separation or loss that results in the experience of grief; means “torn away”

A

bereavement

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20
Q

author of “Understanding Grief”

A

Edgar Jackson

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21
Q

advice or comfort given by clergy members to those people in need of help with their emotional problems or stressful situations

A

pastoral psychology/counseling

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22
Q

4 categories of loss (Jackson)

A

-significant other
-part of yourself
-external object
-developmental loss (during development)

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23
Q

and affectional tie that one person or animal forms between themselves and another - a tie that binds them together in space and endures over time

A

attachment

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24
Q

wrote on attachment theory

A

John Bowlby

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25
Q

4 fundamental principles of attachment theory

A

-attachment develops early in life
-directed to a few specific individuals
-has tendency to endure for the entirety of life
-not unique to humans but can be animals

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26
Q

types of attachment (3)

A

secure, avoidant, ambivalent

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27
Q

attachment connected fully and completely

A

secure attachment

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28
Q

attachment one does not try to keep or pulls away from

A

avoidant attachment

29
Q

attachment where one is not sure where they stand with the other

A

ambivalent attachment

30
Q

author of “On Death and Dying”

A

Elizabeth Kubler-Ross

31
Q

5 stages of death and dying

A

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

32
Q

process occurring within loss with the aim of loosening the attachment to that which has been lost for appropriate reinvestment; need to be actively involved/engaged

A

grief work (Lindemann)

33
Q

studied Cocoanut Grove Fire

A

Erich Lindemann

34
Q

5 criteria of grief syndrome (Lindemann)

A

-somatic distress
-preoccupation with the deceased
-emotion of guilt
-hostile reactions
-inability to function as one had before the loss
(-development of traits similar to the deceased)

35
Q

Worden’s 4 categories of normal grief

A

feelings, physical sensations, cognitions, behaviors

36
Q

anger directed outwards

A

blame

37
Q

anger directed inwards

A

depression

38
Q

feeling that is highest in elderly widows

A

loneliness

39
Q

treasured object that belonged to the deceased

A

linking object

40
Q

mood or emotional state that is marked by feelings of low self-worth or guilt and a reduced ability to enjoy life

A

depression (clinical)

41
Q

criteria for diagnosis of clinical depression (4)

A

-people take notice of your mood
-decrease of interest/activity
-change in eating/weight
-change in sleeping patterns
(symptoms lasting 2 weeks or longer)

42
Q

the fear of death

A

thanatophobia

43
Q

needs of the bereaved (6)

A

-confirm reality
-establish stability and security
-receive emotional support
-express emotion
-modify emotional ties to the deceased
-provide a basis for building new interpersonal relationships

44
Q

author of “Mourning and Melancholia”

A

Sigmund Freud

45
Q

Freud’s stages of mourning/detachment (4)

A

-the bereaved must detach or break ties
-form a new identity without the loved one
-the reality of the loss must be confronted
-may be preoccupied with the loss at first, but this is a normal precursor to detachment

46
Q

Lindemann’s stages of grief work (3)

A

-emancipation from bondage to the deceased
-adjust to life without the deceased
-form new relationships

47
Q

Bowlby’s phases of grief (4)

A

-display shock and numbness
-yearning and searching
-despair and disorganization
-reorganization and recovery

48
Q

Worden’s Task I of mourning

A

to accept the reality of the loss

49
Q

Worden’s Task II of mourning

A

to process the pain of grief

50
Q

Worden’s Task III of mourning

A

to adjust to an environment in which the person/object is no longer present

51
Q

Worden’s Task IV of mourning

A

to find an enduring connection with what has been lost in the midst of embarking on a new life

52
Q

keeping things just as the deceased left them (part of denial of the reality of the loss)

A

mummification

53
Q

issues during Task I (4)

A

-denial of the facts
-distortion (twisted/warped view of the facts)
-denial of the meaning of the loss
-denial through spiritualism

54
Q

Task II

A

to process the pain of grief

55
Q

issues during Task II

A

-distraction
-making major life changes
-geographical cure
-compulsive behaviors (drugs, alcohol, shopping, workaholism)

56
Q

Task III

A

to adjust to a world without the deceased

57
Q

all the information and beliefs a person holds about their character and beliefs

A

sense of self

58
Q

judgement based on sense of self

A

self esteem

59
Q

Types of adjustments in Task III

A

-External (skill set, fill the void)
-Internal (sense of self, self esteem)
-Spiritual

60
Q

Task IV

A

To find an enduring connection with the deceased in the midst of embarking on a new life

61
Q

Hallmark of healing

A

being able to remember without intense emotions emerging

62
Q

Wolfelt’s 6 reconciliation needs of mourners

A

-acknowledge the reality of the death
-embrace the pain of the loss
-remembering the person who died
-developing a new self-identity
-search for meaning
-receive ongoing support from others

63
Q

Worden’s 7 mediators of mourning

A

1) Who the person who died was
2) Nature of the attachment
3) How the person died
4) Historical antecedents
5) Personality variables
6) Social variables
7) Concurrent stressors

64
Q

Mediator 1

A

Who the person who died was
-relationship to survivor
-how close they were
-age of the deceased

65
Q

Mediator 2

A

Nature of the attachment
-strength of attachment
-secure, ambivalent, avoidant
-importance to “self”
-dependency
-conflicts

66
Q

Mediator 3

A

How the person died
-NASH / HUMANS

67
Q

Factors affecting Mediator 3

A

-proximity
-suddenness
-violent/traumatic
-multiple losses
-preventability
-ambiguous
-stigmatized

68
Q

Mediator 4

A

Historical antecedent
-what came before
-how prior losses were handled
-mental health history
-family dynamics

PIMS Psychology of Grief (2 decks)

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