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OS 1 > Lecture Exam 1 > Flashcards

Lecture Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

tenet 1

A

the body is a unit

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2
Q

tenet 2

A

the body possesses self-regulatory mechanisms

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3
Q

tenet 3

A

structure and function are reciprocally interrelated

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4
Q

tenet 4

A

rational therapy is based upon an understanding of body unity, self-regulatory mechanisms, and the interrelationship of structure and function

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5
Q

somatic dysfunction definition

A

impaired or altered function of related components of the somatic (bodywork) system

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6
Q

somatic system structures

A

skeletal, arthrodial, myofascial (SAM)

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7
Q

somatic system elements

A

vascular, lymphatic, neural (VLAN)

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8
Q

how do you diagnose somatic dysfunction?

A

TART

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9
Q

first T in TART

A

tissue texture abnormalities

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10
Q

A in TART

A

asymmetry (static or active)

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11
Q

R in TART

A

restriction of motion

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12
Q

second T in TART

A

tenderness

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13
Q

how do you name somatic dysfunction?

A

direction in which motion is freer

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14
Q

acute somatic dysfunction

A

impairment or altered function of related components of the body framework system

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15
Q

acute somatic dysfunction characteristics

A

pain, erythema, relative warmth, increased moisture/bogginess, vasodilation, edema, tenderness, tissue contraction

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16
Q

chronic somatic dysfunction

A

impairment or altered function of long-standing duration of related components of the body framework system

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17
Q

chronic somatic dysfunction characteristics

A

itching, paresthesia, palpable sense of tissue dryness, coolness, tissue contracture, fibrosis tenderness, pallor

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18
Q

contracture definition

A

abnormal, sometimes permanent, contraction of a muscle

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19
Q

acute tissue texture abnormality words

A

erythema, hot, boggy, edema, spasm, tissue contraction

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20
Q

chronic tissue texture abnormality words

A

pale/blanching, cool, ropey, stringy, scar, doughy

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21
Q

how do you treat somatic dysfunction?

A

osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT)

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22
Q

OMT

A

therapeutic application of manually guided forces to improve physiology function and/or support homeostasis that has been altered by somatic dysfunction

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23
Q

which is greater, AROM or PROM

A

PROM

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24
Q

active range of motion (AROM)

A

patient does the moving

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25
Q

passive range of motion (PROM)

A

doctor does the moving

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26
Q

physiologic barrier

A

limit of active motion

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27
Q

anatomic barrier

A

limit imposed by anatomic structure

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28
Q

elastic range

A

range between the physiologic and anatomic barrier (end of passive motion)

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29
Q

restrictive barrier

A

functional limit that abnormally diminishes the normal physiologic range

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30
Q

levels of evidence: A

A

randomized clinical trials (RCTs), systematic reviews, meta-analyses of RCTs

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31
Q

levels of evidence: B

A

case-control or cohort studies, retrospective studies, certain uncontrolled studies

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32
Q

levels of evidence: C

A

consensus statements, expert guidelines, usual practice, opinion

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33
Q

OMT contraindications

A

no somatic dysfunction, patient does not consent, inappropriate clinical situation

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34
Q

post-OMT symptoms

A

rare adverse symptoms

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35
Q

avoiding post-OMT symptoms

A

proper H&P, appropriate techniques, appropriate application of technique, hydration and rest

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36
Q

post-OMT soreness is similar to

A

post-exercise soreness

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37
Q

three body types

A

mesomorphic, ectomorphic, endomorphic

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38
Q

mesomorphic

A

muscular or sturdy body build, middle ranges of ROM, relative prominence of structures developed from the embryonic mesoderm

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39
Q

mesomorph example

A

Harrison Ford, 6’1” 180lbs

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40
Q

ectomorphic

A

thin body build, higher ranges of ROM, relative prominence of structures developed from the embryonic ectoderm

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41
Q

ectomorph example

A

Scottie Pippen, 6’8” 228lbs

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42
Q

endomorphic

A

heavy body build, lower ranges of ROM, relative prominence of structures developed from embryonic endoderm

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43
Q

endomorph example

A

Howard Taft, 6’0” 335lbs

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44
Q

color words

A

pale, erythema, jaundice, cyanosis, necrosis

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45
Q

pallor may indicate

A

anemia

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46
Q

erythema may indicate

A

inflammation

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47
Q

jaundice may indicate

A

cirrhosis

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48
Q

cyanosis may indicate

A

poor oxygenation, coldness

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49
Q

notable skin findings

A

lesions, scars, tattoos, piercings

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50
Q

skin lesion ABCDE

A

asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolution

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51
Q

skin lesion asymmetry

A

a line in the middle would not create matching halves

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52
Q

skin lesion border

A

irregular, wavy, jagged border clearly defined against surrounding skin

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53
Q

skin lesion color

A

uneven color, light brown to black

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54
Q

skin lesion diameter

A

> 6mm

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55
Q

skin lesion evolution

A

rapid evolution of size (width), color or thickness

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56
Q

what factors create asymmetry?

A

bone deformity, joint deformity, kyphoscoliosis, postural, sacral base unleveling, somatic dysfunction

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57
Q

anterior view head landmarks

A

eye level, ear level, ear prominence, nose and nares symmetry

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58
Q

anterior view upper extremities landmarks

A

acromion height, angles of clavicles, carriage of arms, finger tip length compared to iliac crests

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59
Q

anterior view lower extremities landmarks

A

patellar alignment, medial and lateral malleoli

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60
Q

anterior view trunk landmarks

A

angle of rib cage, umbilicus

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61
Q

anterior view pelvis landmarks

A

crest of ilium, greater trochanter levels

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62
Q

posterior view above the pelvis landmarks

A

carriage of head, scapular spine, scapula angle, medial scapular border, arm carriage, spinous process alignment or deviation from midline

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63
Q

posterior view pelvis and lower extremity landmarks

A

iliac crest heights, PSIS, greater trochanter, gluteal line, popliteal line and space, Achilles tendon, medial and lateral malleoli

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64
Q

lateral view plumb line landmarks

A

external auditory canal, acromion process, greater trochanter, anterior medial malleolus

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65
Q

lateral view spinal curvatures

A

cervical and lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis

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66
Q

plane

A

flat surface on which a straight line joining any two points on it would wholly lie

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67
Q

axis

A

straight line around which on object rotates

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68
Q

coronal/frontal/lateral

A

bisects the body into front and back halves

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69
Q

sagittal/antero-posterior

A

bisects the body into right and left halves

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70
Q

horizontal/transverse

A

divides the body into superior and inferior halves

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71
Q

what motions occur in the saggital/antero-posterior plane

A

flexion/extension

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72
Q

what motions occur in the frontal/coronal plane

A

sidebending, abduction/adduction

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73
Q

what motions occur in the horizontal/transverse plane

A

rotation

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74
Q

three types of joints

A

fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

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75
Q

fibrous joint example

A

skull articulations

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76
Q

cartilaginous joint example

A

discs between vertebrae

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77
Q

six types of synovial joints

A

pivot, ball and socket, hinge, condyloid, plane, saddle

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78
Q

pivot joint example

A

between C1 and C2 vertebrae

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79
Q

ball and socket joint example

A

hip joint

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80
Q

hinge joint example

A

elbow

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81
Q

condyloid joint example

A

between radius and carpal bones of wrist

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82
Q

plane joint example

A

between tarsal bones

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83
Q

saddle joint example

A

between trapezium carpal bone and first metacarpal bone

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84
Q

three components of ROM

A

direction, range, quality

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85
Q

components of ROM: direction

A

flexion/extension, sidebending, rotation

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86
Q

components of ROM: range

A

actual measurements in degrees

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87
Q

components of ROM: quality

A

smooth (normal), ratcheting, restricted, exhibiting resistance to the motion induced

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88
Q

ratcheting ROM may indicate

A

Parkinson’s disease

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89
Q

restricted ROM may indicate

A

contracture or somatic dysfunction

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90
Q

exhibiting resistance to the motion induced ROM may indicate

A

cerebral palsy

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91
Q

words used to describe end feel ROM

A

elastic, abrupt, hard, empty, crisp

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92
Q

elastic end feel ROM

A

like a rubber band

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93
Q

abrupt end feel ROM

A

OA or hinge joint

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94
Q

hard end feel ROM

A

somatic dysfunction

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95
Q

empty end feel ROM

A

stops due to voluntary guarding

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96
Q

crisp end feel ROM

A

involuntary muscle guarding (pinched nerve)

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97
Q

loss of motion in somatic dysfunction results in

A

shift of midline of active ROM

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98
Q

types of flexibility

A

static, dynamic

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99
Q

flexibility

A

ROM in a joint or group of joints or the ability to move joints effectively through a complete ROM

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100
Q

static flexibility

A

maximal ROM a joint can achieve with an externally applied force

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101
Q

dynamic flexibility

A

ROM an athlete can produce and speed at which he/she can produce it

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102
Q

stiffness

A

reduced ROM of a joint or group of joints

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103
Q

functional unit of spine

A

two vertebrae, their associated disc, neurovascular, and other soft tissue

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104
Q

what part of the spine exhibits greatest motion

A

cervical spine

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105
Q

concept of coupled motion

A

consistent association of a motion along or about one axis, with another motion about or along a second axis (the principle motion cannot be produced without the associated motion occurring as well)

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106
Q

linkage

A

relationship of joint mechanics with surrounding structures

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107
Q

how to diagnose Ehler-Danlos syndrome

A

2 major Brighton criteria, 1 major plus 2 minor, 4 minor, 2 minor plus first degree family history

108
Q

major Brighton criteria

A

Beighton score of >4, arthralgias for longer than 3 months in 4 or more joints

109
Q

minor Brighton criteria

A

Beighton score of 1-3, arthralgias <3 months in 1-3 joints, dislocation or subluxation in more than 1 joint, back pain >3 months, 3 or more soft tissue lesions, marfanoid habitus, skin striae, drooping eyelids, varicose veins, mitral valve prolapse

110
Q

marfanoid habitus ratios

A

arm span to height >1.03, upper segment to lower segment <0.89

111
Q

Ehler-Danlos treatment

A

physical therapy (joint stabilization), medications to control pain (non-narcotic), surgery to repair joints as needed

112
Q

skeletal dysfunction

A

hard end point

113
Q

skeletal dysfunction examples

A

OA, RA, somatic dysfunction

114
Q

arthrodial dysfunction

A

hard end point

115
Q

arthrodial dysfunction examples

A

OA, RA, somatic dysfunction

116
Q

myofascial dysfunction

A

tight, elastic end point

117
Q

myofascial dysfunction examples

A

scar tissue, somatic dysfunction

118
Q

vascular dysfunction

A

empty end feel

119
Q

vascular dysfunction examples

A

PVD, thoracic outlet syndrome, somatic dysfunction

120
Q

lymphatic dysfunction

A

empty or boggy end feel

121
Q

lymphatic dysfunction examples

A

lymphedema, visceral dysfunction (CHF), acute injury (sprained ankle), somatic dysfunction

122
Q

neural dysfunction

A

crisp or empty end feel

123
Q

neural dysfunction examples

A

herniated disc, thoracic outlet syndrome, somatic dysfunction

124
Q

L spine flexion angles

A

40-90

125
Q

L spine flexion landmarks

A

S1 to vertical C7

126
Q

L spine sidebending angles

A

15-30

127
Q

L spine sidebending landmarks

A

S1 to vertical C7

128
Q

L spine extension angles

A

20-45

129
Q

L spine extension landmarks

A

S1 to vertical C7

130
Q

L spine rotation angles

A

3-18

131
Q

L spine rotation landmarks

A

center of head to acromion, ASIS

132
Q

elbow flexion angles

A

140-150

133
Q

elbow flexion landmarks

A

lateral epicondyle to acromion, radial styloid

134
Q

elbow extension angles

A

0 to -5

135
Q

elbow extension landmarks

A

lateral epicondyle to acromion, radial syloid

136
Q

elbow pronation angles

A

90

137
Q

elbow pronation landmarks

A

axis lateral to ulnar styloid to dorsal distal radium, parallel to humerus

138
Q

elbow supination angles

A

90

139
Q

elbow supination landmarks

A

axis medial to ulnar styloid to ventral distal radius, parallel to humerus

140
Q

wrist flexion angles

A

80-90

141
Q

wrist flexion landmarks

A

lateral wrist to ulna, 5th metacarpal

142
Q

wrist extension angles

A

70

143
Q

wrist extension landmarks

A

lateral wrist to ulna, 5th metacarpal

144
Q

wrist adduction/ulnar deviation angles

A

30-40

145
Q

wrist adduction/ulnar deviation landmarks

A

mid wrist to lateral epicondyle, 3rd metacarpal

146
Q

wrist abduction/radial deviation angles

A

20-30

147
Q

wrist abduction/radial deviation landmarks

A

mid wrist to lateral epicondyle, 3rd metacarpal

148
Q

knee flexion angles

A

145-150

149
Q

knee flexion landmarks

A

lateral epicondyle of knee to greater trochanter, lateral malleolus

150
Q

knee extension angles

A

0

151
Q

knee extension landmarks

A

lateral epicondyle of knee to greater trochanter, lateral malleolus

152
Q

ankle dorsiflexion angles

A

15-20

153
Q

ankle dorsiflexion landmarks

A

lateral malleolus of ankle to fibular head, 5th metatarsal

154
Q

ankle plantarflexion angles

A

50-65

155
Q

ankle plantarflexion landmarks

A

lateral malleolus to fibular head, 5th metatarsal

156
Q

ankle inversion angles

A

20

157
Q

ankle inversion landmarks

A

posterior ankle to midline of leg, midline of calcaneus

158
Q

ankle eversion angles

A

10-20

159
Q

ankle eversion landmarks

A

posterior ankle to midline of leg, midline of calcaneus

160
Q

list the 11 body systems

A

HEENT, CV, respiratory, GI, GU, MSK, endocrine, integumentary, nervous, immune, psychiatric

161
Q

list the 5 osteopathic models

A

biomechanical, neurologic, respiratory/circulatory, metabolic/energetic/immune, behavioral (biopsychosocial)

162
Q

biomechanical model systems

A

MSK, integumentary

163
Q

components of the musculoskeletal system

A

muscles, bones, tendons/ligaments, fascia

164
Q

neurologic model systems

A

nervous

165
Q

components of the nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

166
Q

components of the spinal cord

A

musculoskeletal and autonomic

167
Q

components of the autonomic nervous system

A

parasympathetic and sympathetic

168
Q

cranial nerves and segments associated with parasympathetic autonomic nervous system

A

cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X

sacrum S2-4

169
Q

segments associated with sympathetic autonomic nervous system

A

T1-L2

170
Q

respiratory/circulatory model systems

A

cardiovascular (includes lymphatic), respiratory, HEENT, GU

171
Q

metabolic/energetic/immune model systems

A

GI, lymph organs, endocrine

172
Q

list the lymph organs

A

spleen, liver, thymus, tonsils, appendix, lymph nodes

173
Q

components of the endocrine system

A

hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis

174
Q

behavioral (biopsychosocial) model systems

A

psychiatry

175
Q

biomechanical model generally refers to

A

how the body responds to gravity

176
Q

behavioral (biopsychosocial) model generally refers to

A

behaviors that influence health and health decisions

177
Q

environmental stressors that can disrupt homeostasis

A

trauma, infection, nutrition, social

178
Q

each of the 5 osteopathic models may be influenced by what system to improve homeostasis

A

MSK

179
Q

viscoelastic material

A

any material that deforms according to rate of loading and deformity

180
Q

stress

A

the force that attempts to deform a connective tissue structure

181
Q

strain

A

the percentage of deformation of connective tissue

182
Q

hysteresis

A

energy that is lost in the connective tissue system between loading and unloading

183
Q

how to lengthen connective tissue

A

stretching into plastic deformational range

184
Q

creep

A

connective tissue under a sustained, constant load (below failure threshold), will elongate (deform) in response to the load

185
Q

bind

A

palpable restriction of connective tissue mobility

186
Q

ease

A

the direction in which the connective tissue may be moved most easily during deformational stretching (palpated as a sense of “looseness”)

187
Q

fascial continuity

A

fascial restriction in one area of the body will create connective tissue restrictions (pulls) at a distance away from the site of the initial restriction

188
Q

tight-loose relationship

A

for every tightness, there is a three-dimensionally related looseness, commonly in the exact opposite direction from the tightness

189
Q

Newton’s third law

A

when two bodies interact, the force exerted by one is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the forces exerted by the other

190
Q

Hooke’s law

A

the strain (deformation) placed on an elastic body is in proportion to the stress (force) placed upon it

191
Q

Wolff’s law

A

bone will develop according to the under stressed placed upon it (this concept extends to fascia too)

192
Q

Sherrington’s law (of reciprocal innervation)

A

when a muscle (agonist) receives a nerve impulse to contract, its antagonists simultaneously receive an impulse to relax

193
Q

restrictive barrier from somatic dysfunction reduces what

A

both AROM and PROM

194
Q

direct OMT

A

go towards and eventually through the restrictive barrier

195
Q

indirect OMT

A

go away from the restrictive barrier

196
Q

soft tissue OMT

A

direct, a system of diagnosis and treatment directed toward tissues other than skeletal or arthrodial elements

197
Q

myofascial release (MFR) OMT

A

direct or indirect, a form of myofascial treatment that engages continual palpatory feedback to achieve release of myofascial tissues

198
Q

integrated neuromusculoskeletal release (INR) OMT

A

direct or indirect, treatment system in which combined procedures are designed to stretch and reflexively release patterned soft tissue and joint related restrictions

199
Q

structures and elements targeted by soft tissue OMT

A

muscular and fascial structures, neural and vascular elements

200
Q

soft tissue OMT techniques

A

perpendicular, longitudinal, inhibitory

201
Q

direct MFR (dMFR)

A

identify restrictive barrier in the myofascial tissues then engage the restrictive barrier with a loaded, constant, directional force until the tissue releases and motion is restored

202
Q

indirect MFR (iMFR)

A

tissue position of ease is identified then engaged with direct pressure, guiding the tissues along the line of least resistance until free movement of all tissues is achieved

203
Q

fascia definition

A

complete system with blood supply, fluid, drainage (largest organ system in the body) composed of irregularly arranged fibrous elements of varying density

204
Q

fascia functions

A

mobility and stability of MSK system, tissue protection and healing, sensory

205
Q

fascia is not

A

tendons, ligaments, aponeurosis

206
Q

fascial connective tissue layers are mostly composed of

A

collagen and elastin fibers contained in an amorphous matrix of hydrated proteoglycans

207
Q

fascial proportion of ECM and cells

A

95% ECM, 5% cells

208
Q

list the four layers of fascia

A

pannicular fascia (panniculus), axial and appendicular fascia (investing layer), meningeal fascia, visceral fascia

209
Q

pannicular fascia (panniculus)

A

outermost layer, derived from somatic mesenchyme, surrounds entire body with exception of the orifices

210
Q

outer layer of panniculus

A

adipose tissue

211
Q

inner layer of panniculus

A

membranous and adherent

212
Q

axial and appendicular fascia (investing layer)

A

internal to the pannicular layer, fused to the panniculus, surrounds all of the muscles, the periosteum of bone, and peritendon of tendons

213
Q

endomysium

A

part of investing layer, forms a continuous lattice connecting all the muscle fibers in the fascicle

214
Q

compartment syndrome

A

swelling of muscles causing compression of nerves and blood vessels

215
Q

meningeal fascia

A

surrounds the nervous system, includes the dura

216
Q

visceral fascia

A

surrounds the body cavities (pleural, pericardial, and peritoneum)

217
Q

transition zone associated with tendorium cerebelli

A

OA, C1, C2

218
Q

transition zone associated with thoracic inlet

A

C7, T1

219
Q

transition zone associated with thoracolumbar diaphragm

A

T12, L1

220
Q

transition zone associated with pelvic diaphragm

A

L5, sacrum

221
Q

cells located in fascia responsible for contraction

A

myofibroblasts

222
Q

cells located in fascia responsible for healing

A

macrophages, mast cells

223
Q

types of neurons in fascia

A

cutaneous high-threshold mechanoreceptors, stretch receptors, C fibers, piezoelectric

224
Q

stretch receptor function

A

proprioception

225
Q

C fiber function

A

pain: mechanical, thermal, chemical

226
Q

C fiber description

A

unmyelinated, small diameter, low conduction velocity

227
Q

piezoelectric neuron function

A

generate electric charge in response to mechanical stress

228
Q

soft tissue OMT indications

A

diagnostic (TART), feedback about tissue response to OMT, improve local and systemic immune response, relaxation, enhance circulation to local myofascial structures, tonic stimulation

229
Q

soft tissue OMT relative contraindications

A

direct techniques on acute injuries, prone pressure techniques in thoracostal region on severe osteoporosis

230
Q

soft tissue OMT absolute contraindications

A

fracture, dislocation, neurologic entrapment syndromes, serious vascular compromise, local malignancy, local infection, bleeding disorders, lack of consent

231
Q

MFR/INR OMT indications

A

somatic dysfunction (almost all soft tissue or joint restrictions), consider indirect MFR when HVLA is contraindicated, when counterstain may be difficult secondary to patient inability to relax

232
Q

MFR/INR OMT relative contraindications

A

infection of soft tissue or bone, fracture, dislocation, metastatic disease, soft tissue injuries, post op patient with wound dehiscence, rheumatologic condition involving instability of C spine, DVT or anticoagulation therapy

233
Q

MFR/INR OMT absolute contraindications

A

absence of somatic dysfunction, lack of consent

234
Q

the most absolute contraindication

A

lack of consent

235
Q

tissue texture abnormalities (acute versus chronic) soft tissue OMT Tx goals

A

1) stretch and increase the elasticity of shortened myofascial structures to return symmetry
2) improve local tissue nutrition, oxygenation, and removal of metabolic wastes to normalize tissue texture

236
Q

asymmetry of muscles (hypertonic muscles/muscle spasm) soft tissue OMT Tx goals

A

return symmetry and normalize tone

237
Q

tenderness (myofascial restrictions) soft tissue OMT Tx goals

A

release fascia

238
Q

restricted (abnormal neurologic activity) soft tissue OMT Tx goals

A

1) normalized neurologic activity (pain, guarding, and proprioception)
2) improve abnormal somato-somatic and somato-visceral reflexes

239
Q

soft tissue OMT initial application of force

A

gentle and of low amplitude, applied rhythmically 1 or 2 seconds of stretch followed by similar time of release of stretch

240
Q

soft tissue OMT secondary applications of force

A

rate remains the same but amplitude increases that are tolerable to patient

241
Q

soft tissue OMT parallel traction (stretch)

A

increase distance between origin and insertion parallel with muscle fibers

242
Q

soft tissue OMT perpendicular traction (knead)

A

repetitive pushing of tissue perpendicular to muscle fibers

243
Q

soft tissue OMT inhibition

A

push and hold perpendicular to the fibers at the musculotendinous part of the hypertonic muscle, hold until relaxation of the tissue

244
Q

MFR OMT thoracolumbar release

A

1) diagnose restrictions in three planes

2) treat myofascial restriction by taking tissues direct or indirect barrier

245
Q

MFR OMT types of activating forces

A

inherent forces, respiratory cooperation, patient cooperation, physician-guided, springing/vibration

246
Q

MFR OMT inherent force for activation

A

using the body’s primary respiratory mechanism (PRM)

247
Q

MFR OMT respiratory cooperation for activation

A

refers to a physician directed, patient performed, inhalation or exhalation or a holding of a breath to assist with the manipulative intervention

248
Q

MFR OMT patient cooperation for activation

A

patient is asked to move in specific directions to aid in mobilizing specific areas of restriction

249
Q

MFR OMT treatment endpoint

A

when three dimensional release is palpated, continuous application of activating forces no longer produce change, recheck tissue

250
Q

MFR OMT three dimensional release is palpated as

A

warmth, softening, increased compliance/ROM

251
Q

MFR OMT physician-guided force for activation

A

after engaging a barrier or point of ease, physician sequentially guides the tissue or joint through various positions until path of dysfunction is retraced and released

252
Q

MFR OMT springing/vibration force for activation

A

place hands on a dysfunction, apply variable degrees of pressure and/or frequency of force causing springing in the structure which activates release of the tissues

253
Q

MFR OMT respiratory force for activation may be used in four ways

A

full cycle of respiratory effort, particular phase of respiration, breath holding, coughing or sneezing

254
Q

MFR OMT respiratory force for activation: full cycle of respiratory effort

A

applied as a fascial/articulatory activating force

255
Q

MFR OMT respiratory force for activation: particular phase of respiration

A

used to enhance the position of the area being treated

256
Q

MFR OMT respiratory force for activation: breath holding

A

hold breath until “air hunger” to trigger a generalized relaxation

257
Q

MFR OMT respiratory force for activation: coughing or sniffing

A

produces a respiratory impulse to assist in the release of restrictions

258
Q

INR OMT release enhancing maneuvers (REMs)

A

breath holding, prone and supine simulated swimming, R/L cervical rotation, isometric limb and neck movements, patient evoked movement from cranial nerves (eye, tongue, jaw, oropharynx)

259
Q

INR OMT goal of breath holding as REM

A

alter both intrathoracic and intrabdominal pressure using costodiaphragmatic, shoulder girdle, lumbopelvic interactions

260
Q

structuring a patient visit

A

create a welcoming environment, speak the language, communicate, understand your goals, examine respectfully, make plans together, allow patient to teach about culture

261
Q

violence screening questions are to be done in 1:1 setting and include

A

1) have you ever been hurt physically or sexually
2) are you currently being hurt physically or sexually
3) have you ever experienced violence or abuse
4) have you ever been sexually assaulted/raped

262
Q

trauma-informed care (TIC)

A

adoption of principles and practices that promote a culture of safety, empowerment, and healing

263
Q

adverse childhood experience study (ACES)

A

determined there to be 10 types of childhood trauma

264
Q

ACES personal trauma

A

physical abuse, verbal abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect

265
Q

ACES trauma related to other family members

A

alcoholic parent, mother who is victim of domestic violence, family member in jail, family member diagnosed with mental illness, disappearance of parent through divorce, death or abandonment

266
Q

approach to post-trauma patients

A

safety, trustworthiness and transparence, peer support, collaboration and mutuality, empowerment, cultural/historical/gender issues

OS 1 (4 decks)

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