Lecture: Cardiovascular System Flashcards
This membrane covers the whole heart and is the outermost layer of the heart.
Pericardium
This holds the heart in place and protects the heart.
Outer fibrous pericardium
This muscle consists the majority of the heart. It is also responsible for the pumping of the heart!
Myocardium
How many atria and ventricles are there in the heart?
Two atria, two ventricles!
Great! Now, there is one atrium and ventricle on each side: left and right. What structure separates the two?
The interventricular septum and interatrial septum separate the two atria and ventricles, respectively.
Which atrium receives deoxygenated blood? and which one receives oxygenated blood?
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood (in blue) whereas the left atrium receives oxygenated blood (in red).
These are tendonlike cords in the heart that are held by papillary muscles.
Chordae tendinae
The heart has a conduction system. About 1% of the cardiac muscle fibers are different. What is the purpose of this conduction system?
To regulate the heart rhythm (natural pacemaker)
Name the five nodes/fibers of the heart’s conduction system.
- Sinoatrial node
- Atrioventricular node
- Bundle of HIS
- Right and left bundle branches
- Purkinje fibers
Inside the heart, this is an oval depression and is a remnant of something.
Fossa Ovalis
This is a structure between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta.
Ligamentum arteriosum
This is the innermost layer of the heart
Endocardium
Which of the following secretes renin?
– RAA system
– Epinephrine and norepinephrine
– Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
– Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system
These are irregular muscle columns inside the heart
Trabeculae carnae
