Lecture B: Microbial Metabolism I

Question 1

photoautotrophs

Answer 1

derive energy from light and use CO2 as carbon source: they have the ability to ‘fix carbon’

Question 2

photoheterotrophs

Answer 2

derive energy from light but need an organic carbon compound as carbon source; green and purple non-sulphur bacteria

Question 3

chemolithoautotrophs

Answer 3

derive energy from inorganic compounds and fix CO2; sulphur-oxidizing bacteria

Question 4

chemoorgano-heterotrophs

Answer 4

use organic compounds such as fats and carbohydrates as carbon and energy source

Question 5

ATP generation and energy transport within the cell may be by

Answer 5

photophosphorylation, substrate-level phosphorylation or oxidative phosphorylation

Question 6

catabolic

Answer 6

exergonic; breaking down biomolecules for nutrition

Question 7

anabolic

Answer 7

endergonic; building up biomolecules for cellular products and biomass

Question 8

amphibolic

Answer 8

they break down compounds to produce cell energy while simultaneously supplying the precursors for many cellular building blocks

Question 9

amphibolic pathways that link with the electron transport chain

Answer 9

Glycolysis (Embden-Mayerhof-Parnas pathway), the Entner Doudoroff Pathway and the Krebs cycle

Question 10

two mechanisms of energy conservation for chemoheterotrophs

Answer 10

respiration and fermentation

Question 11

Respiration: three-part process

Answer 11

Glycolysis, The Citric Acid Cycle & The Electron Transport Chain

Question 12

Respiration

Answer 12

potential energy in the chemical bonds of energy-rich compounds, such as glucose, is converted into energy in the form of the chemical bonds of ATP (with the loss of some energy as heat)