Lecture 9 - Ethics Flashcards
Define Ethics.
Ethics -
Moral behaviour and how we should act and therefore how researchers should act.
Describe the Nazi experiments with regards to ethics.
Conducted within the Third Reich and Concentration camps
Series of studies forcibly conducted on prisoners and the public
To justify and develop the racial ideology
To develop weapons/help soldiers in combat or following injury
“For scientific advancement and knowledge”
No concern for participants
Many died or were horribly injured
Those who didn’t die were mostly executed
Hypothermia experiments
Aim to treat/prevent hypothermia for soldiers on the Eastern front
Participants in tanks of freezing cold water and measured time to death
High altitude experiments
Aim to understand problems for airmen ejecting from planes at high altitude
Prisoners placed in low pressure chambers
Treatment studies
Investigating the best way to treat:
war wounds (amputation, burns, mustard gas exposure)
disease (malaria, TB)
Participants maimed/ infected to test “treatments”
List 4 of the 10 ethical considerations in the Nuremberg code (1947)
- Informed consent
- Withdrawal
- Scientific validity (of experimenter and study)
- Avoidance of risks (including pain and suffering)
List 6 BPS guidelines to be followed at all times.
- Ethical approval
Required for every study - Consent
Participants should be informed of all objectives whenever possible. All aspects influencing willingness to participate need to be given. - Deception
This is unacceptable if participants are typically likely to object/show unease once debriefed - Debriefing
All information for complete understanding of the study is required - Withdrawal
Right to withdraw at any point without implication - Confidentiality
Information will be treated confidentially unless discussed beforehand
FIND RELEVANT READING IN TEXTBOOK
(make notes if you want or just teach on whiteboard)
There was quite a lot I missed on slides so maybe look through.
sorry future lib
