lecture 9 Flashcards
what is the primary muscle of trunk flexion?
Rectus abdominal
what is the nerve supply of Rectus abdominal?
lower intercostal nerve
what is the accessory muscle of trunk flexion?
internal obliques / external obliques
ROM of trunk flexion?
Until scapula are raised from plinth ,motion take place primarily in thoracic spine
define rectus abdominis?
a pair of muscles that goes down on either side of abdomen from ribs to front of pelvis and divided by linea alba
action of rectus abdominis?
Your rectus abdominis hold your internal organs in place and keep your body stable during movement.
limiting factors of trunk flexion?
1- tension of posterior longitudinal ligament ,ligament flava ,interspinal and supraspinal ligaments
* 2-tension of spinal Extensor muscles
* 3 Approximation of ant lips of vertebral bodies *
4- compression of intervertebral disc anteriorly
* 5- contact of lower ribs with abdomen
muscle test grade 5 of trunk flexion?
patient position: Supine with hand clasped behind head
stabilize: legs firmly
order: bend your thorax on pelvis until whole scapula are raised from plinth
if hip flexors is weak stabilize what?
pelvis
Manual muscle test grade 4 trunk flexion?
Patient position: Supine with arm at side
stabilize: stabilize legs firmly
order: bend your thorax on pelvis until scapula are raised from plinth
mmt grade 3 trunk flexion?
same as 4 but partial range
raise head ,tips of shoulder and upper border of scapula
mmt grade2 trunk flexion?
same as 4 but patient flex cervical spine
depress lower portion of thorax and tilt pelvis until lumbar area become flat on table
grade 1 or 0 trunk flexion
palpate: anterior abdominal
order: try to cough exhale or lift head
observation in mmt grade 1 or 0? in trunk flexion?
Observe deviation of umbilical as upward deviation indicates strong contraction of upper section / downward deviation indicates strong deviation of lower section
weakness in grade 1 or 0 in trunk flexion?
result in belly abdomen and hyperlordosis / low back pain
isolation of rectus abdominis?
To emphasise upper rectus test upper trunk
To emphasise lower ,test lower trunk
primary muscle of trunk rotation?
internal obliques and external obliques
accessory muscle of trunk rotation?
latissimus dorsi / semispinalis/multifidus /rotators
what is the nerve supply of internal obliques and external obliques?
lower intercostal nerve
what is the action of internal and external obliques?
-They are one of the main stabilizers of your trunk
-they lie on a diagonal, but they run in the opposite direction
-rotate torso
range of motion of trunk rotation?
Rotation of thorax is possible until scapula on side of forward shoulder is raised from table
what is the limiting factor of trunk rotation?
-tension of annulus fibrous of side opposite to Rotation
-tension of opposite oblique muscles
-in thoracic ,tension of costovertebral ligament
manual muscle test grade 5 trunk rotation?
patient position: Supine with hands behind head
stabilize: stabilize leg firmly
order: turn your upper trunk to right side
how is rotation of right side cause?
brought by right internal obliques and left external obliques
mmt grade 4 trunk rotation?
the same as 5 except from supine with arm at sides
grade 3 trunk rotation?
same as 4 except arms crossed in shoulders
grade 2 trunk rotation?
from sitting /therapist stabilize pelvis / turn your upper thorax to right
mmt grade 1 or 0 trunk rotation?
palpate: as one hand on thorax (feel external )and on pelvis (feel internal )
primary muscles of trunk extension?
- sacrospinalis
- iliocostalis dorsi
- longissimus dorsi
- iliocostalis lumborum
- quadratus lumbarom
what is accessory muscle of trunk extension?
semispinalis/rotators / multifidus
rom of trunk extension?
- Thoracic spine extends only to approximately a straight line
- Thoracic spine extends only to approximately a straight line
limiting factors of trunk extension?
- tension of anterior longitudinal of spine
- tension of abdominals
- contact of spinous process posteriorly
- contact of spinous process posteriorly
mmt grade 5 or 4 of thoracic and lumbar?
patient position: Prone
stabilize: pelvis
order: Extend your back
resistance: lower thorax
grade 5 or 4 for thoracic in trunk extension?
patient position: Prone
stabilize: pelvis and lower thorax
order: Extend upper back
resistance: Extend upper back
grade 3 of trunk extension?
patient position and stabilization same as rest of grades
order: extend your back
grade 2 of trunk extension?
partial range
grade 1 or 0 of trunk extension?
palpate Back extensors bilateral beside spinous process
