Lecture 8 World War II: the Global Power Flashcards
America First Committee
09/1940 to 12/1941
USS Panay Incident
Japanese attack on the American gunboat Panay while it was anchored in the Yangtze River outside Nanking (now spelled Nanjing), China on 12 December 1937.
US and Japan expansionism
✓ 1939: US moral embargo extended to aviation fuel
(previously prevented exporting to Japan aircraft, aircraft
equipment)
✓ 7/1940: embargo to Japan (includes oil and iron)
✓ 9/1940: Tripartite pact among Japan, Germany and Italy
✓ 7/1941: freezing of Japanese assets in the US
Lend Lease Act
3/1941
FDR: US as “arsenal of democracy”
12/1940
Tripartite Pact
9/1940
Pearl Harbour
12/1941
Four Freedoms, American Century
01/1941 ✓ Freedom of speech and expression ✓ Freedom of every person to worship God ✓ Freedom from want ✓ Freedom from fear (reduction in armaments)
Walter Lippmann: US in the Atlantic Community
Our geography books are as misleading as our history
books. (Life, June 1940)
Europe First Strategy
The Atlantic Ocean is not the frontier between Europe and the Americas. It is the inland sea of a community of nations allied with one another by geography, history, and
vital necessity.” - Walter Lippmann (US Foreign Policy, 1943)
“The American Century”
Henry Luce; “Life”, 17 Feb. 1941
Atlantic Charter
08/1941 - The Charter stated the ideal goals of the war: no territorial aggrandizement; no territorial changes made against the wishes of the people, self-determination; restoration of self-government to those deprived of it; reduction of trade restrictions; global cooperation to secure better economic and social conditions for all; freedom from fear and want; freedom of the seas; and abandonment of the use of force, as well as disarmament of aggressor nations. Adherents of the Atlantic Charter signed the Declaration by United Nations on the 1 January 1942, which became the basis for the modern United Nations.
Italy WWII surrender date
09/1943
D-Day and opening of second front date
06/1944
Battle of Stalingrad
01/1943
