Lecture 8 - Sexual and Gender Diversity Flashcards
What year was conversion therapy banned?
2015
what is sexual attraction
what gender(s) are you into
what are terms for sexual attraction
gay, lesbian, bisexual/pansexual, queer, asexual, aromantic, heterosexual or straight
what is sexual identity and gender?
“Which gender(s) are you?”
what are some terms for sexual identity and gender
Intersex, non-binary, trans/transgender/transsexual, cis/cisgender, cissexual, genderqueer, agender, gender diverse or gender creative
What is gender binary
Idea that there’s only two options (male or female) depending on what your doctor saw at birth
Which two categories are gender binaries constructed
sex, gender, gender expression (gender flavor)
what is homonegativity
explicit contempt towards LGBQ people or people perceived to be (explicit exclusion)
what is heterosexism
idea that heterosexual attraction is the default, ideal, and that all deviation from it is less good/problematic/sick/dangerous (implicit exclusion)
what is another term for homophobia?
homonegativity
what are 4 factors that lead to resiliency
- Authenticity
- Acceptance
- Representation
- Connection
why have people opted to not use the term sexual orientation
overemphasizes the sexual aspects of an orienation and thus oversimplifies what an orientation is
what term to people used instead of sexual orientation and what is it
affectional orientation… more inclusive because it includes the interaction between affect and cognition such that it produces attraction, erotic desire and feelings of love
Why has the word homosexual been opted out
overmphasized sex and developed a hugely negative connotation
what are the biological hypotheses/studies regarding homosexuality
Studies on brain nuclei, biological markers (left handedness, length of fingers), genetics, circulating hormones, maternal hormones…
what are the psychological hypotheses/studies regarding homosexuality
reinforced behaviours, the rank of brothers and sisters within the family…
Where does the hypothesis that some genetic predisposition to exclusive homosexuality in men come from?
identical twin studies… even though it’s nonconclusive
Why haven’t we gotten further in finding the “cause” of homosexuality?
We’re lumping everything together
what are the 4 conceptual models of affectional/sexual orientation
1) Pre-Kinsey dichotomous
2) Kinsey Sexual Orientation Scale
3) Storms Two Dimensional Scheme
4) Klein’s Sexual Orientation Grid
what is the main focus in Kinsey Scale?
behaviour
what is the type of scale Kinsey uses and what are the values
Likert scale
0-6 where 0 is completely heterosexual with no homosexual behaviour and 6 is completely homosexual with no heterosexual behaviour
what is the main focus in storms 2 dimensional scheme?
mind/emotional (based in eroticism
what is the difference between storm and kinsey’s way of measuring?
storm uses degrees while kinsey uses scale from 1-6
what is the only conceptual model of orientation that takes into consideration asexual?
Storm’s Scheme
what is the biggest distinction between asexuality and dysfunction of low sexual desire?
the fact of distressed
what are the 4 main orientations according to Storm?
homosexual, bisexual, asexual, heterosexual
how is klein’s sexual orientation grid different from klein and storms in relation to their main focus
not just about behaviours, he defines sexual orientation as being influences by 7 variables
what are the 7 variables that influence orientation in klein’s model?
sexual attraction sexual behaviour sexual fantasies emotional preference social preference self identification hetero/gay lifestyle
what does klein imply when he takes into account your past present and ideal?
that sexual orientation is fluid
how is klein’s grid similar to kinsey?
Klein applies kinsey’s likert scale to the variables
Unlike kinsey and storm, klein does not give you a result. What is the point of klein’s grid?
It’s a self-reflective tool. The only place where a label is possible is in self-identification (F)
