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BSMS 204- Theme 2 > Lecture 8- Introduction to the Surgery of the Hand > Flashcards

Lecture 8- Introduction to the Surgery of the Hand Flashcards

1
Q

what is Palmar fascia?

A
  • Toughened layer anchoring skin to skeleton
  • Extension of forearm fascia
  • Tightened by palmaris longus
  • Duputyren’s disease occurs at fascia
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2
Q

what is Duputyren’s disease?

A
  • Thickening of fascia

- Contracture

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3
Q

What are the causes of Duputyren’s disease?

A
  • Genetic
  • smoking
  • Alcohol
  • Diabetes/epilepsy
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4
Q

what are the flexor tendons?

A
  • Superficial/deep
  • Single/mass action and nerve supply
  • Have flexor sheath
  • Lumbrical muscles
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5
Q

What are the conditions associated with flexor tendons?

A

Traumatic rupture

Trigger fingers

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6
Q

Describe what trigger fingers are?

A
  • Catching of tendons at A1 pulley
  • Degenerate nodule
  • Thickening of sheath
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7
Q

What causes Trigger fingers?

A
  • Overuse
  • Degeneration
  • Change of direction of tendon
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8
Q

which nerves supply the hand?

A
  • Median and Ulnar nerves
  • Digital nerves to each finger and thumb
  • Dermatomes
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9
Q

what can be the issues with nerves supplying to the hand?

A
  • Injury

- Compression neuropathies

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10
Q

what is carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

-Median nerve compression at wrist

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11
Q

What is the function of the median nerve in the hand?

A

-Innervation of the 3 thenar muscles and sensory innervation in the radial half of the hand

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12
Q

Name the Four thenar muscles?

A

1) Abductor Brevis
2) Opponens
3) Flexor Brevis
4) Adductor (ulnar)

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13
Q

What is the purpose of these thenar muscles?

A

Fine control which gives us species advantage

-Gripping etc

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14
Q

What are the signs of the carpal tunnel?

A
  • Thenar wasting
  • Loss of abduction
  • Loss of opposition
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15
Q

What is cubbital tunnel syndrome?

A
  • Ulnar nerve compression at elbow

- Fascial compression at three sites

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16
Q

What is the function of Ulnar nerve?

A

motor innervation of forearm, hand muscles and sensory symptoms of the Ulnar half if the hand

17
Q

Describe the interosseous muscles of the hand?

A 
Two types:
PALMAR
-Insertion to proximal phalanx
-Adduction and abduction
DORSAL:
insertion to extensor hood
Interphalangeal extension

Innervated by the Ulnar nerve

18
Q

What are the signs of ulnar nerve issues?

A
  • Wasted hypothenar web spaces
  • Paradoxical wasting thenar
  • Forearm wasting
  • Clawing of digits
19
Q

what is the function of extensor tendons?

A

Extend MCP joint of the fingers

20
Q

Name extensor tendons of the hand?

A

12 tendons in total
thumb tendons
Wrist tendons
Retinaculum

21
Q

what is de Quervain,s disease?

A

Triggers pain of thumb extensor causing:

  • Degeneration
  • Overuse
  • ciprofloxacin
  • Anastrazole
22
Q

Name some of the bone problems of the hand?

A

Radial fractures
scaphoid fratcures
1st CMC osteoarthritis
RA

BSMS 204- Theme 2 (5 decks)

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