Lecture 8 - Flashcards
How do Tumours avoid the anti-tumour immune response?
Can create an immunosuppressive micro environment
Tumour down regulates MHC class I molecules (escaping immune recognition)
Over express inhibitory ligands which inhibit T cells
How do Tumours avoid the anti-tumour immune response?
Can create an immunosuppressive micro environment
Tumour down regulates MHC class I molecules (escaping immune recognition)
Over express inhibitory ligands which inhibit T cells
What is the point of checkpoint inhibitors?
The block the blockers, leading to T cell activationnn adn anti-tumour immune response
What is an example of types of checkpoint inhibitors?
PD1 inhibitors
PDL1 inhibitors
CTLA-4 inhibitors
What is an example of a PD1 inhibitor?
Nivolumab
What are tumour associated antigens?
Normal cell antigens that expresssed on normal tissue but are over expressed
What is an example of a tumour associated antigens?
HER-2 seen in breast cancer
What are tumour specific antigens?
Antigens that are not normally represent in normal healthy tissue
How do we generate chimeric antigen receptor T cells?
Gene for Chimaeriic antigen receptor extracted
Inserted into lentivirus vector
Then gets inserted into a T cell by virus
What receptor do most T cell leukaemia express?
CD7
What are the advantages of bispecific antibodies?
Off the shelf
Access
Favourable toxicity
What are the disadvantages of bispecific antibodies?
Dependant on endogenous T cell function
Durability less clear
Long term administration
What is the benefit of CAR-T over bispecific antibodies?
CAR-T = single infusion
Bispecific =long term
What is cytokine release syndrome?
Where theres T cell expansion and activation due to over activation of the immune system
What are the symptoms of cytokine releases syndrome?
Fever
Chills
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
