Lecture 7: Personality Disorders Flashcards
Personality disorders consist of an enduring pattern on inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individul’s culture. This pattern is manifested in 2 (or more) of which 4 areas?
- Cognition: perception and interpretation of self, others and events
- Affect: the range, intensity, liability, and appropriateness of emotional response
- Interpersonal functioning
- Impulse control
Rule of thumb is that personality disorder diagnosis cannot be made until which age?
≥18 y/o
Which personality disorder is characterized by irrational suspicions and mistrust of others?
Paranoid personality disorder (Cluster A)
Which personality disorder is characterized by a lack interest in social relationships, seeing no point in sharing time with others, little pleasure in activities, and appear indifferent to the praise or criticism of others?
Schizoid personality disorder (Cluster A)
What are the characteristics of Schizotypal personality disorder (cluster A)?
- Odd behavior, beliefs and/or magical thinking (in contrast to Schizoid)
- Vague, circumstantial, or stereotyped speech
- Excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity
Which personality disorder is characterized by repeated violations of the law, pervasive lying and deception, physical aggressiveness, reckless disregard for safety of self or others, irresponsibility, and lack or remorse?
Antisocial personality disorder (Cluster B)
Antisocial personality disorder is 3x more common in which sex?
Males
Pt’s with antisocial personality disorder are at risk for what 4 co-morbid conditions?
- Anxiety disorders
- Substance abuse
- Somatization disorder
- Pathologic gambling
What are the major characteristics of Borderline personality disorder (Cluster B)?
- Unstable mood and interpersonal relationships; intense anger
- Fear of abandonment
- Sense of emotional emptiness
- Impulsivity in ≥2 potentially self-damaging areas i.e., sex, substance abuse, etc..
- Recurrent suicidal behaviors or threats or self-mutilation
Borderline personality disorder is 3x more common in which sex?
Females
What is important to keep in mind when tx pt with Borderline personality disorder?
- Need to set rigid boundaries!
- These pt’s are very manipulative; will often “split” staff members
Pt’s with Borderline personality disorder have a high rate of what co-morbid condition?
Major depression
Which personality disorder is characterized by attention-seeking, dramatic speech and emotional exprssion, shallow and labile emotions, and sexual provocativity?
Histrionic personality disorder (Cluster B)
Pt’s with Narcissistic personality disorder are at risk for what 3 co-morbidities?
- Anorexia nervosa
- Substance abuse
- Depression
How does Avoidant personality disorder (cluster C) differ from Schizoid (cluster A)?
They desire relationships with others
Which personality disorder is characterized by hypersensitivity to rejection and criticism, socially inhibited, timid, feelings of inadequacy and a desire for relationships with others?
Avoidant personality disorder (Cluster C)
Which personality disorder is characterizd by being preoccupied w/ perfectionism and control, lack of flexibility or openness, often stingy as well as stubborn?
Obsessive-Compulsive personality disorder (Cluster C)
What is the best treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder?
Dialectial Behavior therapy (DBT)
Which drug can be used off-label for impsule control in pt’s with personality disorders?
Valproic acid
Which clusters of personality disorders tend to become less severe and intense in middle age-late life and which tends to become more exaggerated?
- Cluster A and B become less severe
- Cluster C becomes more exaggerated
