Lecture 7

Question 0

Transition

Answer 0

Purine to purine, a to g

Pyramidine to pyramidine, c to t

Question 1

Type of mutation

Answer 1

Substitution....transition and transversion
Deletion
Insertion
Inversion
Reciprocal translocation

Question 2

Transversion

Answer 2

Purine to pyrimidine, vice versa.

Question 3

Frame shifting mutation

Answer 3

A change that changes the polypeptide code downstream.

A plus or minus one or two nucleotide, NOT DELETION OR INSERTION

Question 4

Insertion and deletion

Answer 4

Three or more additions or deletion

Question 5

What about ones with four or five deletion

Answer 5

Both a frame shift and a insertion, six inserted would be just insertion

Question 6

Know that different type of amino acids have different properties
The hydrophobic, hydrophilic. Mutations of these results in Different type of mutation.

Answer 6

Silent mutation, ones which creates the same amino acid, to a geneticist, it is still called a mutation
Nonsense mutation, creates termination, truncation of the translation. Three type of stop, don’t need to know. This is often the focus of genetic study
Synonymous mutation, AA substitution but doesn’t do too much to protein function, does not effect the activity of a protein.
Missense mutation, AA substitution that lead to issues in the protein.

This depends on the AA change base on their type.

Question 7

Type of mutation, from genetic perspective

Answer 7

Loss of function.
Say a wildtype gene which creates a protein
A mutation which creates mRNA creates a defective or less protein
A mutation which does not create rna so does not create protein

All results In a loss of function