Lecture 7

Question 1

Adult-onset dystonia, usually involves this part of the body?

Answer 1

Head, Neck, Face

Question 2

Regarding the two axes of dystonia, this axis is based on the CAUSE of dystonia?

Answer 2

Axes 2

Question 3

Focal dystonia affecting this part of the body is the most common?

Answer 3

Cervical Dystonia

Question 4

This type of focal dystonia is the second most common and causes the eyelids to clench shut?

Answer 4

Blepharospasm

Question 5

As with many of the movement disorders, in dystonia, it appears this part of the brain is most affected?

Answer 5

Basal Ganglia

Question 6

As with many of the movement disorders, this treatment, which involves an injection to temporarily halt the release of acetylcholine is called?

Answer 6

Botox

Question 7

Besides medications and physical therapy, this surgical procedure is helpful for many of the movement disorders and involves the placement of an electrode in the midbrain?

Answer 7

Deep Brain Stimulation

Question 8

This, “involuntary, irregular, and unpredictable movements make it appear as if the affected person is dancing” is called?

Answer 8

Chorea

Question 9

Kids and adolescents can develop this type of chorea after rheumatic fever, which is a complication of untreated strep throat?

Answer 9

Sydenham

Question 10

This genetic disease is an autosomal dominant inheritable disease with the main sign of chorea?

Answer 10

Huntington’s Chorea

Question 11

The disease described in #10 is due to a chromosomal abnormality leading to a “mutant” protein called?

Answer 11

Huntingtin Protein

Question 12

This severe movement disorder which is caused by damage to the basal ganglia and often involves the proximal muscles may occur on both sides of the body or just one side?

Answer 12

Balismis

Question 13

This cerebellar condition is characterized by, “poor muscle control that causes clumsy voluntary movements.”

Answer 13

Ataxia

Question 14

This type of tremor is most common in Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 14

Resting Tremor

Question 15

This movement disorder is characterized as, “involuntary writhing movements. These movements may be continuous, slow, and rolling?”

Answer 15

Athetosis

Question 16

This movement disorder is characterized as, “painful muscle contractions and spasms that often begin in the legs and back.”

Answer 16

Stiff Person Syndrome

Question 17

The condition in #16, is an autoimmune reaction whereby the body develops antibodies which ultimately limit the production of which neurotransmitter?

Answer 17

GABA

Question 18

This condition is thought to be caused by an accumulation of a protein called α-synuclein which eventually leads to progressive deterioration of the brain.

Answer 18

Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)

Question 19

This fatal movement disorder is thought to be caused by a build-up of tau proteins leading plaques in the brain. Early signs may be a tendency to fall backwards and have a vertical gaze?

Answer 19

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)

Question 20

This movement disorder can lead to many organs being affected and persistent tremors and is thought to be a genetic disease which prevents a person from getting rid of excess copper?

Answer 20

Wilson’s Disease

Question 21

This type of epilepsy is most common and is localized to one part of the brain?

Answer 21

Focal

Question 22

Restless Leg Syndrome is common and thought to be due to an imbalance of which neurotransmitter?

Answer 22

Dopamine

Question 23

To be diagnosed with this condition a person must, “have both motor and vocal tics and has had tic symptoms for at least a year.”

Answer 23

Tourette’s