Lecture 7 Flashcards
How old is life on earth?
The first cell lived about 4 Gyrs ago.
What does a nucleotide consist of?
5C, at least one phosphate group and 4 nitrogenous bases.
What is a peptide?
A short chain of amino acids. The amino acids in a peptide are connected to one another in a sequence by bonds called peptide bonds. Meanwhile, proteins are long molecules made up of multiple peptide subunits, and are also known as polypeptides.
What form does all proteins on earth consist of? (Same form also dominates in meteorites found)
L-Form
What is the role of insulin?
Remove glucose from the blood and storing fat.
What are enzymes?
Catalyst proteins needed for chemical reactions in the cell.
What are and what is the role of lipids?
Lipids are fats, phospholipids, glycolipids and steroids
Lipids are used by cells as a source of energy (storage) and as carriers of Vitamins
What is a substance that the organism cannot synthesize in enough quantity and must be obtained through diet called?
Vitamins.
What is ATP used for?
It is used as the energy input for the synthese of molecules like DNA and RNA.
