lecture 6 - breeder management

Question 1

the goal of breeder birds is to produce _____, _____ eggs

Answer 1

fertile, hatching

Question 2

immature female chicken

Answer 2

pullet

Question 3

immature male chicken

Answer 3

cockerel

Question 4

mature female

Answer 4

hen

Question 5

mature male

Answer 5

rooster/cock

Question 6

new flock of pullets to eventually replace hens on breeder farms

Answer 6

replacement flock

Question 7

putting new breeder chicks into the into the pullet house to be reared

Answer 7

placement

Question 8

move pullets and cockerels to the breeder house and stimulate them with increased daylength

Answer 8

housing (or “to house”)

Question 9

females from Aviagen/Ross

Answer 9

Ross 308, Ross 708, Ross 308 AP

Question 10

males from Aviagen/Ross

Answer 10

Yield Plus and Efficiency Plus

Question 11

females from Cobb-Vantress

Answer 11

Cobb 500 and cobb 700

Question 12

males from Cobb-Vantress

Answer 12

MV and Vantage

Question 13

males from Hubbard

Answer 13

M99 and YY

Question 14

Ross 308 x efficiency Plus

Answer 14

fast growing broilers (4-6 lb broilers)

Question 15

Cobb 500 x MV

Answer 15

fast growing broilers (4-6 lb broilers)

Question 16

Ross 708 x Yield Plus

Answer 16

meat yielding broilers (6-9 lb broilers)

Question 17

Cobb 700 x MV or Vantage

Answer 17

meat yielding broilers (6-9 lb broilers)

Question 18

male breeder lines intensely selected for:

Answer 18

fast growth
breast meat yield
feed conversion
fertility

Question 19

female breeder lines intensely selected for:

Answer 19

growth
yield
feed conversion
egg production

Question 20

the tendency of a crossbred organism to have qualities superior to those of either parent

Answer 20

hybrid vigor / heterosis

Question 21

2 way cross of genetic lines

Answer 21

parent stock

Question 22

4 way cross of genetic lines

Answer 22

broilers

Question 23

sexes opposite to genetic line are

Answer 23

“by-product”

Question 24

breeder feeding/nutrition objectives

Answer 24

• control of body weight
• control of flock uniformity
• have all the nutrition needed for weight maintenance and egg production

Question 25

breeder lighting objective

Answer 25

stimulate mating and egg production

Question 26

provide males and females of ideal weight, physical condition, and proper stage of maturity at time of housing

Answer 26

goal for rearing pullets and cockerels

Question 27

manage a bird selected for growth so that it can produce fertile, hatchable eggs

Answer 27

goal of breeders

Question 28

major factors controlling goals of rearing pullets and cockerels:

Answer 28

- environment (light) - nutrition and feeding - health - behavior - genetics

Question 29

phases in the life of a breeder flock

Answer 29

- chick "placement" and brooding - growing (rearing) - pullet/cockerel phase - housing (transfer to breeder house) and lighting - production (mating and egg laying)

Question 30

what are the benefits of placement in sex-separate houses?

Answer 30

- allows for feeding and selection of males and females separately - same-sex rearing can cause uniformity issues when trying to grow males and females together - sexes together - about 30% of AL breeder pullet flocks

Question 31

_____ is the first 7-10 days

Answer 31

brooding

Question 32

two primary means of controlling and directing development of good breeders

Answer 32

diet and feeding | daylength and light intensity

Question 33

diet and feeding of broiler breeder replacements

Answer 33

- breeder chicks full fed for 2-4 weeks - feeding then restricted until moving to the breeder house - feed limited to about 1/3 of full feed. these are BROILER breeders, need to restrict to keep them in production

Question 34

maintaining the ____ is critical!

Answer 34

growth curve

Question 35

_____ do not lay/mate

Answer 35

underdeveloped

Question 36

heavy birds struggle to ____

Answer 36

mate

Question 37

heavy females lay ______ eggs

Answer 37

irregular/bad

Question 38

feed restriction of breeder pullets

Answer 38

- limit body weight to a standard - use skip-a-day or similar system to insure uniform growth of flock - weight birds often to adjust feed amounts - never decrease feed amounts! want birds to maintain or increase in body weight

Question 39

reasons for feed restriction of breeder pullets

Answer 39

``` control maturation increase early egg size better egg production better and longer fertility decreased cost ```

Question 40

reason for light control

Answer 40

control reproductive maturation of the birds | - coordinate maturation of all body systems for best performance

Question 41

absolute rule for lighting programs on growing pullets

Answer 41

never increase daylength

Question 42

absolute rule for light programs on hens

Answer 42

never decrease daylength

Question 43

advantages of black out housing

Answer 43

- better control of sexual maturation - feed costs lower - better uniformity - better egg production during out of season flocks - easier to control ventilation, temperature - less pest bird problems

Question 44

pullets must have no more than __ hours of light per day from 2-3 weeks of age until housing in the breeder house

Answer 44

8

Question 45

too much lights for pullets will cause

Answer 45

premature egg laying if the birds are too heavy

Question 46

pullets and cockerels moved to breeder house at ____ weeks of age

Answer 46

20-22

Question 47

houses density of breeders

Answer 47

1.5 ft^2/bird (males ignored)

Question 48

photostimulation (long days) in the breeder phase:

Answer 48

14-17 hours light until end of production

Question 49

female:male ratio in the breeder phase

Answer 49

10:1 usually

Question 50

breed phase performance at 25-26 weeks

Answer 50

5% production

Question 51

egg weight

Answer 51

50 grams

Question 52

peak production in breeder phase

Answer 52

above 80% from 29-32 weeks of age

Question 53

fertility performance requirements

Answer 53

92% or breeder

Question 54

hatch performance requirements

Answer 54

83% or better

Question 55

chick performance requirement

Answer 55

at least 125 chickens per hen