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poultry intro > lecture 6 - breeder management > Flashcards

lecture 6 - breeder management Flashcards

1
Q

the goal of breeder birds is to produce _____, _____ eggs

A

fertile, hatching

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2
Q

immature female chicken

A

pullet

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3
Q

immature male chicken

A

cockerel

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4
Q

mature female

A

hen

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5
Q

mature male

A

rooster/cock

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6
Q

new flock of pullets to eventually replace hens on breeder farms

A

replacement flock

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7
Q

putting new breeder chicks into the into the pullet house to be reared

A

placement

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8
Q

move pullets and cockerels to the breeder house and stimulate them with increased daylength

A

housing (or “to house”)

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9
Q

females from Aviagen/Ross

A

Ross 308, Ross 708, Ross 308 AP

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10
Q

males from Aviagen/Ross

A

Yield Plus and Efficiency Plus

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11
Q

females from Cobb-Vantress

A

Cobb 500 and cobb 700

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12
Q

males from Cobb-Vantress

A

MV and Vantage

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13
Q

males from Hubbard

A

M99 and YY

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14
Q

Ross 308 x efficiency Plus

A

fast growing broilers (4-6 lb broilers)

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15
Q

Cobb 500 x MV

A

fast growing broilers (4-6 lb broilers)

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16
Q

Ross 708 x Yield Plus

A

meat yielding broilers (6-9 lb broilers)

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17
Q

Cobb 700 x MV or Vantage

A

meat yielding broilers (6-9 lb broilers)

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18
Q

male breeder lines intensely selected for:

A

fast growth
breast meat yield
feed conversion
fertility

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19
Q

female breeder lines intensely selected for:

A

growth
yield
feed conversion
egg production

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20
Q

the tendency of a crossbred organism to have qualities superior to those of either parent

A

hybrid vigor / heterosis

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21
Q

2 way cross of genetic lines

A

parent stock

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22
Q

4 way cross of genetic lines

A

broilers

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23
Q

sexes opposite to genetic line are

A

“by-product”

24
Q

breeder feeding/nutrition objectives

A
  • control of body weight
  • control of flock uniformity
  • have all the nutrition needed for weight maintenance and egg production
25
Q

breeder lighting objective

A

stimulate mating and egg production

26
Q

provide males and females of ideal weight, physical condition, and proper stage of maturity at time of housing

A

goal for rearing pullets and cockerels

27
Q

manage a bird selected for growth so that it can produce fertile, hatchable eggs

A

goal of breeders

28
Q

major factors controlling goals of rearing pullets and cockerels:

A
  • environment (light)
  • nutrition and feeding
  • health
  • behavior
  • genetics
29
Q

phases in the life of a breeder flock

A
  • chick “placement” and brooding
  • growing (rearing) - pullet/cockerel phase
  • housing (transfer to breeder house) and lighting
  • production (mating and egg laying)
30
Q

what are the benefits of placement in sex-separate houses?

A
  • allows for feeding and selection of males and females separately
  • same-sex rearing can cause uniformity issues when trying to grow males and females together
  • sexes together - about 30% of AL breeder pullet flocks
31
Q

_____ is the first 7-10 days

A

brooding

32
Q

two primary means of controlling and directing development of good breeders

A

diet and feeding

daylength and light intensity

33
Q

diet and feeding of broiler breeder replacements

A
  • breeder chicks full fed for 2-4 weeks
  • feeding then restricted until moving to the breeder house
  • feed limited to about 1/3 of full feed. these are BROILER breeders, need to restrict to keep them in production
34
Q

maintaining the ____ is critical!

A

growth curve

35
Q

_____ do not lay/mate

A

underdeveloped

36
Q

heavy birds struggle to ____

A

mate

37
Q

heavy females lay ______ eggs

A

irregular/bad

38
Q

feed restriction of breeder pullets

A
  • limit body weight to a standard
  • use skip-a-day or similar system to insure uniform growth of flock
  • weight birds often to adjust feed amounts
  • never decrease feed amounts! want birds to maintain or increase in body weight
39
Q

reasons for feed restriction of breeder pullets

A 
control maturation 
increase early egg size 
better egg production 
better and longer fertility 
decreased cost
40
Q

reason for light control

A

control reproductive maturation of the birds

- coordinate maturation of all body systems for best performance

41
Q

absolute rule for lighting programs on growing pullets

A

never increase daylength

42
Q

absolute rule for light programs on hens

A

never decrease daylength

43
Q

advantages of black out housing

A
  • better control of sexual maturation
  • feed costs lower
  • better uniformity
  • better egg production during out of season flocks
  • easier to control ventilation, temperature
  • less pest bird problems
44
Q

pullets must have no more than __ hours of light per day from 2-3 weeks of age until housing in the breeder house

A

8

45
Q

too much lights for pullets will cause

A

premature egg laying if the birds are too heavy

46
Q

pullets and cockerels moved to breeder house at ____ weeks of age

A

20-22

47
Q

houses density of breeders

A

1.5 ft^2/bird (males ignored)

48
Q

photostimulation (long days) in the breeder phase:

A

14-17 hours light until end of production

49
Q

female:male ratio in the breeder phase

A

10:1 usually

50
Q

breed phase performance at 25-26 weeks

A

5% production

51
Q

egg weight

A

50 grams

52
Q

peak production in breeder phase

A

above 80% from 29-32 weeks of age

53
Q

fertility performance requirements

A

92% or breeder

54
Q

hatch performance requirements

A

83% or better

55
Q

chick performance requirement

A

at least 125 chickens per hen

poultry intro (4 decks)

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