Lecture 6 Flashcards
Provide main ideas concerning the Renaissance/ Humanism.
1492 seen by many as the single most important date in history, marks watershed (=Wendepunkt) , 1492 seen as a dividing line from old to modern history
aspects to call it a new age: England in 1500 -> almost everyone was catholic, all people belonged to Christianity, wars between E and F were over and the wars of the roses as well, English influence abroad becomes apparent
‘inventors’ of the Renaissance = rebirth:Jacob Burckhardt ,Walter Pater, J.A.Symonds
In 1453 the Renaissance began in Europe (fall of Constantinople, eastern roman empire is over) , revival of Greek antiquity
Medieval and Renaiss. art and architecture – changes of the nation were visible
Celebration of the human body, churches
Humanism: a philosophy that puts the human being and its potentials in the centre, replaces Scholasticism (=Schulwissenschaft)
The emerge of print culture
Describe the impact of the Reformation on England and on the British Isles.
Reformation originated in Germany and Switzerland with Luther, Calvin and Zwingli
Protestantism: protestants refused to accept the pope and his cardinals and bishops
Idea of a new way of looking at god
Worldly church: relationship of the people with god got in the background
Influence of the Renaissance: called for a spiritual renewal
Martin Luther challenged the papacy
The English Reformation: Henry VIII and the break with Rome (defied cath. dogma)
Different acts he published against the popes authority( Act of: 1. Appeals, 2.Supremacy, 3.Succesion, 4. Against the popes authority) - changes of his personal decisions led to the English reformation
New Anglican church (remained similar to the catholic one)
King was the head of church in E- gave the land of the church to his supporters
Impact of the reformation on the British isles:
-> it divided communities, Scotland founded its own church,
Ireland remained catholic, catholic minority within England
Outline English foreign policy in the 16th century and also consider England’s role as a rising world
Heart of England became one of the safest locations in the world
Jamestown as the first English colony after Columbus
Theory of mercantilism (=Handelsgeist)
The Spanish Armada (the English destroyed it- age of spain as a dominant European power was over)
