lecture 6

Question 1

What is a universal quantifier ?

Answer 1

Inverted A “Everyone is…”

Question 2

What is an existential quantifier?

Answer 2

Left forcing E “Someone is…”

Question 3

What’s the relation between a formula and sentence?

Answer 3

A sentence is a formula in which every variable is bound by a quantifier

Question 4

Let A(x) be a predicate meaning “x is a student”. Would that make A(John) a well-formed formula? Back up your answer.

Answer 4

Yes, because it contains both an n-place predicate and a (list of) term(s)

Question 5

Define complex well-formed formulas

Answer 5

when you can increase the complexity by combining well-formed formulas and deriving new conclusions through logical operators

Question 6

what is a free/unbound variable?

Answer 6

A variable with no quantifier

Question 7

List down the types of syllogisms

Answer 7

universal affirmative
particular affirmative
universal negative
particular negative