Lecture 6 Flashcards
What is B2G?
business-to-government
what is the impact of OS on B2G start-ups?
Open innovation involves leveraging external ideas and technologies to drive internal growth. For B2G (Business-to-Government) impact startups, this means collaborating with public sector entities, research institutions, and other startups to co-create solutions that address public needs and challenges.
- Example: The paper discusses how UN-driven digital solutions use partnerships with various organizations to develop and scale their technologies. For instance, the blockchain solution for cash transfers in refugee camps involved collaboration with technology companies and local offices.
What is a pilot paradox?
The ‘pilot paradox’ refers to the challenge of moving from pilot projects to full-scale implementation. To overcome this, startups need to demonstrate the scalability and sustainability of their solutions, secure long-term commitments from stakeholders, and navigate regulatory and procurement processes effectively.
- Example: The case studies show how digital solutions were piloted in specific locations and then scaled to other regions by adapting to local contexts and securing necessary partnerships. For example, the blockchain solution was first piloted in Pakistan and then scaled to Jordan and Bangladesh.
What is the role of an Integrator in the innovation system?
- Key Insight: An integrator acts as a bridge between different stakeholders in the innovation ecosystem, facilitating collaboration and ensuring that various components of the ecosystem work together seamlessly. This role is crucial for reconfiguring the ecosystem to support the scaling of impact startups.
- Example: The paper highlights the importance of integrators in connecting orchestrators (e.g., UN agencies) with local partners and end-users to ensure successful implementation and scaling of digital solutions. For instance, in the Butler case, local NGOs and youth groups acted as integrators to engage young people in policy-making processes.
What are the four types of international scaling for digital solutions?
- Modular Replication
- Adaptive Localization
- Versatile Integration
- Versatile Adaptation
Explain what Versatile Adaptation means and an example
- Versatile Adaptation
* Ecosystem Versatility: High
* Application Adaptation: High
Description: In versatile adaptation, both the application of the digital solution and the ecosystem configuration change significantly across locations. The solution is adapted to fit local contexts, and different partners are involved in each location to address local challenges.
Example: The Butler case, where the youth engagement platform was adapted to different local contexts (e.g., focusing on HIV/AIDS in Zambia, disease information in Nigeria). The core technology (SMS platform) evolved to include new capabilities (e.g., AI chatbots), and the ecosystem configuration changed significantly, with different local partners involved in each location.
Explain what versatile integration means and give an example
- Ecosystem Versatility: High
- Application Adaptation: Low
Description: In versatile integration, the application of the digital solution remains relatively stable, but the ecosystem configuration changes significantly across locations. Different partners are involved in each location to address local challenges and leverage local knowledge.
Example: The Desai case, where the geospatial mapping tool was used for different applications (e.g., population mapping in Afghanistan, polio vaccine mapping in Nigeria). The core technology (geospatial mapping) remained the same, but the ecosystem configuration changed significantly, with different partners involved in each location to address specific local needs.
Explain what adaptive localisation mean and give an example
- Ecosystem Versatility: Low
- Application Adaptation: High
Description: In adaptive localization, the core technology remains stable, but the application is significantly adapted to fit the local context. The ecosystem configuration remains relatively stable, with the same or similar partners involved in each location.
Example: The Carter case, where the predictive analytics tool for refugee movements was adapted to different local variables in Somalia. The core technology (predictive analytics) remained the same, but the application was adapted to use different data sources and address specific local needs. The ecosystem configuration (partners involved) remained stable.
Explain what Modular replication means and give an example
- Modular Replication
* Ecosystem Versatility: Low
* Application Adaptation: Low
Description: In modular replication, the digital solution is replicated across different locations with minimal changes to both the ecosystem and the application. The core technology remains stable, and the same set of partners (or similar types) are involved in each location.
Example: The Alcott case, where the blockchain solution for cash transfers was implemented in refugee camps in Pakistan, Jordan, and Bangladesh. The core technology (blockchain) remained the same, and the ecosystem configuration (partners involved) was stable across locations. The only adaptation was in the identification mechanisms (e.g., iris scanning in Jordan, QR codes in Bangladesh).
Explain what ecosystem versatility means
how the ecosystem changes across locations
What does application adaption mean?
the degree to which the application of the solution is adjusted to local contexts
