Lecture 6 Flashcards
What is trust?
Trust represents the willingness of a trustor to depend upon a trustee, and thus to be vulnerable to that party, based on the confident expectation that the trustee will do something considered important or valuable to the trustor. Trust is a behaviour which makes the trustor vulnerable to the actions of the trustee. This behaviour of a trustor is influenced by his or her beliefs about the trustee’s trustworthiness, which in turn affect his or her attitudes toward the trustee and subsequent behavioural intentions.
What conditions need to be met, in order for trust to arise?
interdependence (A person’s outcome cannot be achieved without reliance upon another person), risk (A person realises that something will be lost if the partner does not act favourably toward the self), free choice (In situations involving interpersonal uncertainty, people can choose to make themselves vulnerable and rely on the partner to achieve the best outcome or withdraw in order to find alternative solutions).
What is trust propensity?
Trust propensity represents the trust disposition and the general willingness to trust others (personality trait). Though, extremes such as blind trust and unwillingness to trust arise on a continuum. Trust propensity is especially important in the initial stages of a relationship, in trust formation.
What are the five key dimensions of interdependence?
information certainty: being aware of each others’ preferred outcomes and how actions influence them
conflict: think about what the outcome of your choice does for you and the trustee
mutual dependence: aware of the degree in which trustor’s actions determine the trustee’s outcome
future interdependence: aware of how much one’s behaviour from the present influences the others or own outcome in the future
power: aware of the asymmetrical determination of outcome
Which factors are important to the trustor when they believe in the trustworthiness of a trustee?
Ability: The trustor belies that the trustee has skills and competencies that are important for the relationship.
Integrity: The trustee adheres to a set of principles that the trustor finds acceptable.
Benevolence: The trustee means well towards the trustor aside from an egocentric profit move.
Upon what are beliefs about an unknown individual’s trustworthiness built?
Beliefs are built upon the trustee’s appearance, level of self-control, instructed knowledge about the trustee’s moral character and assumed knowledge about trustee’s social group.
Does resemblance play a role in trust?
Yes, there is higher trust behaviour. Though, the study showed no effect on reciprocity.
What is the role of social closeness on trust?
It can increase trust and reciprocation, given that there is that the expectation that the close other will not break our trust. Though, there is a gap between the expected trustworthiness of the other and the other’s actual trustworthiness.
What is the in-group/out-group effect on trust?
There is a higher display of trust towards the in-group, than towards the out-group. This is based on in-group favouritism that is motivated by reputation-based indirect reciprocity.
What are the cultural differences for in-group/out-group model of trust?
Social Identity model: Americans tend to view the in-group as part of their own social identity, which is why they are aversive to the out-group.
Relationship model: The Japanese tend to have a more inclusive view. Hence, groups are represented as stable and extended networks among individuals.
What other social/economic elements play a role in trust?
Incomes, environments, ethnic diversity, religion, the political system, history.
