Lecture 5: White Blood Cells and their Disorders Flashcards
Name the stages in the lifecycle of a neutrophil.
- Myelocyte
- Promyelocyte
- Myelocyte
- Metamyelocyte
- Band
- Segment
What is left shifting?
An blood abnormality in which more immature neutrophils are present in blood. Usually caused by an ongoing infection.
How long do mature neutrophils typically spend in the peripheral blood?
Usually only around 8-10 hours.
What usually happens after neutrophils have circulated for 10 hours?
Diapedesis. This is the movement of neutrophils from the circulatory system into peripheral tissues.
How are neutrophils attracted to sites of infection?
How do neutrophils bind to pathogens?
How do neutrophils destroy pathogens once engulfed?
Respiratory Burst. This is
What is neutrophilia?
A high neutrophil presence in blood. There can be many pathological and non-pathological reasons for neutrophilia.
What is the reference range for neutrophils?
7x10^9 cells/L
What is pseudo-neutrophilia?
Neutrophilia caused by non-pathological reasons such as pregnancy, diurnal variation. exercise, etc.
How can true neutrophilia be distinguished?
A left shift is often associated with true neutrophilia, as well as toxic granulation. Dohle bodies are often found.
What are Dohle bodies?
Aggregates of degraded ribosomes,
What is toxic granulation?
What is sepsis?
A syndrome of multi-organ dysfunction due to abnormal immune response to infection. Caused by many errors in immune response, associated with
What are the three most common infection sites of sepsis?
Name some risk factors that can lead to sepsis?
What are the most common pathogens associated with sepsis?
What is neutropenia?
How is chronic granulomatous disease caused?
What are eosinophils?
Leukocytes that deal with parasites. They are weakly phagocytic but will secrete toxic granule contents when near parasites. Eosinophils are also able to modulate immune response by secreting histaminase and arylsulfatase (destroy histamine and leukotrienes respectively). Can also phagocytose antibody-antigen complexes.
How long will eosinophils circulate before migrating into peripheral tissue.
Only around 5 hours.
How long will eosinophils live in tissue after migrating?
~14 days. Eosinophils are numerous under epithelial tissue.
What is eosinophilia?
An abnormally high level of eosinophils in blood. Non-malignant eosinophilia can be classed as idiopathic, reactive or as part of organ-eosinophilic syndromes.
What is reactive eosinophilia be classed as?
