lecture 5 (tony) Flashcards
herbs that drain fire are on which level?
qi level (yang ming)
what is the capital of the USA
Washington DC
herbs that clear blood are on which level?
ying level (blood/xue)
herbs that clear heat and dry dampness … what was the allegory that laura spoke about in class?
bales of hay being rolled too tight and creating barn fires
what is the nature of fire (3 things)
YANG, DRYING, MOVES UPWARD
the yangming channel is full of what two things?
qi and blood
what are the four bigs?
fever, sweat, thirst, pulse
what are two important characteristics of herbs that drain fire?
bitter (draining) and cold (coldest!)
herbs that drain fire (biomedical perspective)
anti-inflammatory , antipyretic , antimicrobial
石膏 shi gao (2,1) …. what is the latin/botanical name?
gypsum fibrosum
石膏？ what is the latin and pinyin?
shi gao (2,1) , gypsum fibrosum
what are the channels for 石膏 shi gao？
LU, ST
what are the properties for 石膏？
sweet
acrid
very cold
what is the dose for 石膏？
shi gao dose is 15-60 g (it is a mineral, very heavy, and requires a large dose …. remember that the dose for 石膏粉 is less, because it is a powder and has a greater surface area)
the cooking time for shigao 石膏 is short (T/F)
false …. it’s a mineral, so it requires a longer cooking time
what are two key characteristics of 石膏？
shi gao is very cold and excels at cooling the lung and stomach fire … while also dispersing to vent the exterior and release the muscle layer
what are two contraindications of shi gao 石膏？
cold from deficiency of the SP and ST
fever from yin deficiency
what are 4 functions of 石膏？
shi gao :
- clears heat and drains fire
- clears heat from excess from the lungs
- clears blazing stomach fire
- for eczema, burns, and ulcerated sores
is shigao used topically or internally?
both!
stomach fire usually is associated with less appetite (T/F)
false
what is the Latin name for zhi mu (1,3)
anemarrhenae rhizoma
what is the Latin name for 知母？
zhimu is anemarrhenae rhizoma
what channels does zhimu enter?
LU, ST, KID
我知道我的母亲。。。LUSTKIDNEY
(知母）
zhi mu lusts kidney … LU, ST, KIDNEY
what is the dose for 知母？
6-12 grams
what are the properties of 知母？
bitter, sweet, cold
what are the key characteristics of zhi mu (知母）？
clears fire
nourishes the yin of the lungs, stomach, and kidneys
what are the contraindications of zhimu (知母）
cold from deficiency of SP and ST
diarrhea (from spleen qi deficiency)
what are the four functions of 知母？
- clears heat and drains fire
- enriches the yin and moistens dryness
- generates fluids and clears heat
- ameliorates the dryness of tonifying or warming substances
what is the most important function of zhimu (for testing/quizzing purposes)
enriches the yin and moistens dryness
zhimu can be used to treat abnormally low sex drive (T/F)
False
zhimu can be used to treat steaming bone disorder (T/F)
true
zhimu can be used for exhaustion or deficiency of lung and kidney yin with heat signs like night sweats (T/F)
true
wasting and thirsting disorder is similar to type 2 diabetes (T/F)
false … it is similar to type 1 diabetes
zhimu can ameliorate the dryness of tonifying or warming substances such as guizhi (T/F)
true
dui yao (对药）means what?
pair of herbs
what are two examples of 对药 that we have studied?
mahuang and guizhi
shigao and zhimu
what is the 3 more, 1 less rule for xiao ke (小渴）
- drink more, eat more, urinate more
1. lose weight
小渴 is similar to diabetes type 1 or 2?
type 1
what are the 3 jiao manifestations of xiao ke?
upper: thirsty
middle: hunger with weight loss (stomach fire)
lower: frequent urination (kidney yin damage)
西瓜 is (pinyin and english and latin)…
xigua (1,1)
citrulli fructus
watermelon
what channels does 西瓜 enter?
UB, HT, ST
what channels does xigua (西瓜）enter？
UB, HT, ST
what are the properties of xigua (西瓜）
cools and moistens
facilitates urination
what are the properties of xigua?
sweet and cold
what is the dose of xigua?
15-30 g
what is the dose of 西瓜？
15-30 grams
what are the key characteristics of 西瓜？
xigua cools and moistens
xigua facilitates urination
what are the contraindications of 西瓜？
xigua has contraindications. they are cold from deficiency of the spleen and stomach.
what are the two main functions of 西瓜？
xigua:
1. clears summerheat and generates fluids
2. promotes urination and expels jaundice
DUH … watermelon is nice in summer, generates fluids all over your face, and makes you pee
when does summerheat occur?
july and august
what are some signs of summerheat?
vexation agitation restlessness maybe sweat, maybe no sweat often combines with dampness scant urination
summerheat is basically damp+heat (T/F)
true
nausea and vomiting may accompany summerheat (T/F)
true
how will the tongue appear with summerheat ?
yellow and greasy coat
is 西瓜 sometimes used as an adjunct in the treatment of hepatitis and why?
yes … xigua expels jaundice …
what herb is considered the natural 白虎汤？
xigua is considered the natural bai hu tang (2,3,1)
translate bai hu tang into english
white tiger decoction
translate 白虎汤 into english and pinyin
white tiger decoction (bai hu tang)
what are the ingredients of 白虎汤？
shi gao 30g
zhi mu 9g
zhi gan cao 3g
geng mi 9 -15 g
what are the actions of 白虎汤？
bai hu tang: clear qi-level heat drain stomach fire generate fluid alleviates thirst
herbs that treat heat at the ying or xue level help with reckless bleeding, such as nosebleeds and vomiting bloof (T/F)
true
shui niu jiao (3,2,3) has what Latin name?
bubali cornu
水牛角 has what english, latin, and pinyin name?
shui niu jiao is bubali cornu, or water buffalo horn
what is 水牛角 a substitute for (think endangered species)
xijiao (rhino horn)
what channels does shuiniujiao enter?
HT , LV , ST
what are the properties of 水牛角？
shuiniujiao is salty and cold
why is shuiniujiao salty?
because it is an animal product … animal products and blood are usually salty
what is the dose for shuiniujiao?
30-120 g for decoction
6-15 g for powder
what are 4 key characteristics for shuiniujiao
cools nutritive and blood level heat
clears heat from the heart channel
resolves toxic rashes and sores
stops bleeding due to heat in the blood
what is the main contraindication for 水牛角？
cold from deficiency of the middle burner
what are the two major functions of shuiniujiao (水牛角）
- clears heat, resolves fire toxicity, cools blood
2. clears heat and arrests tremors
what is the Latin name for shengdihuang?
rehmanniae radix
sheng di huang (生地黄）enters which channels?
HT, KID, LV
what is the dose of 生地黄？
shengdihuang has a dose of 9-15
sheng di huang has 3 key characteristics. List the major two first, and then the less powerful one.
cools the blood
clears heat
enriches the yin (not we do not say tonifies)
what are 2 important contraindications of shengdihuang?
significant dampness from spleen deficiency
loose stools and abdominal fullness
生地黄 has two important functions. What are they?
clears heat and cools the blood
nourishes the yin and generates fluids
what are some herbs that clear heat and drain dampness?
huang qin
huang lian
huang bai
damp heat patterns signs and symptoms …. name 3
urinary difficulty or pain
jaundice
damp heat skin disorders (eczema, etc.)
herbs that treat damp heat typically are bitter and cold (T/F)
true
how would you describe herbs that treat damp heat in biomedical terms?
antimicrobial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory
what are the three yellows?
huang qin
huang lian
huang bai
what are four major pathologies of damp heat?
DH obsructing SP/ST
DH brewing in LV/GB (with alternating chills/fever)
DH pouring down in the LI
DH pouring down into the UB
huang qin enters what channels?
LU, ST, GB, LI
huang qin has what properties and what dosage?
bitter, cold
3-9 grams
what is the Latin name for huangqin?
scutellariae radix
what are some key characteristics of huangqin?
cools heat and dries dampness
stops bleeding by cooling
quiets the fetus during pregnancy
huang qin has one important contraindication. what is it, and why?
cold from deficiency of SP and ST
there are five major functions of huangqin (黄芩）。。。
clears heat and dries dampness clears heat and resolves toxicity (esp. upper jiao) clears heat and stops bleeding clears heat and calms the fetus sedates ascendant kiver yang
huang qin clears heat and increases dampness (T/F)
false!
huang qin clears heat and relieves toxicity, especially in the lower burner (T/F)
false! upper burner is correct …
how does huang qin calm the fetus?
by pacifying the womb when the fetus is reacting to to excess heat in the host mother
what are some of the symptoms of ascendant liver yang that huang qin can treat?
headache irritability red eyes flushed face bitter taste
huang lian is know as what, in botanical / latin terms?
coptidis rhizoma
what channels does huanglian enter?
HT, LI, LV, ST
what are the properties and dosages of huang lian?
bitter, cold
1.5 - 9 g
huang lian has 4 key characteristics.
cools heat
drains fire (esp. HT and ST)
dries dampness
resolves toxicity
what are the contraindications of huang lian and why?
use with caution in those with patterns of cold, yang deficiency, especially those with cold from deficiency of the SP / ST
because this herb is bitter, cold, and drying!
huang lian has 4 important functions. Name them!
clears heat and drains dampness
drains fire and resolves fire toxicity
clears heat and stops bleeding
clears heat topically
when is huang lian used topically?
for red, painful eyes and tongue/mouth ulcerations
nosebleeds, blood in the urine, stool, or vomit due to chaotic movement of hot blood can be treated with huanglian (T/F)
true
黄柏 is know as what (in latin)
phellodendri cortex
huang bai (黄柏）is active in which channels?
KI, UB
what are the properties of huangbai?
bitter, cold
what is the dose for huang bai?
3-12 grams
黄柏 has two key characteristics. Of the three, one is incorrect …
- directs fire downward
- harmonizes yin and yang
- clears damp heat in the lower burner
huang bai does not harmonize yin and yang
huang bai has one important contraindication. What is it?
cold from deficiency of the spleen and stomach
huang bai has three important functions. Name them!
drains damp heat, particularly from the lower jiao
drains kidney fire
drains fire and relieves toxicity
huang lian jie du tang has 4 ingredients, Name them!
huang lian (MJ and HT) huang qin (UJ) huang bai (LJ) Zhi zi (san jiao)
remember, alphabetical order (qin = upper, lian = middle, bai = (lower+)
remember,g
huang lian jie du tang has what action ?
clears fire in all three burners
huang lian jie du tang has several indications and contraindications. Name a few . . .
indications: high fever, irritability, dry month/throat, insomnia
contraindications: only use with a patient with a strong constitution. do not use long term.
herbs that drain fire operate on the Qi level (yang ming) (T/F)
true
what is the nature of fire?
Yang
Drying
Moves Upwards
excess heat / fire will be accompanied by a slow pulse (T/F)
false!
shigao, or gypsum fibrosum, is very powerful and usually requires a relatively small dose (T/F)
false
mineral herbs are usually cooked for a shorter amount of time (T/F)
false
according to Laura, which herbs is one of the best ones for clearing heat and draining fire?
shi gao 石膏
zhi mu enriches the yin and maintains dryness (T/F)
False! it moistens dryness
steaming bone disorder is a sign of extreme yang deficiency (T/F)
False! extreme yin deficiency
what is the 3 more, 1 less rule, and what condition does it refer to?
more: drink, eat, urinate
however, you use weight!
this condition is xiaoke and is similar to diabetes type 1
xi gua is sweet and warming (T/F)
false! it is sweet and cold
can summerheat occur all year long?
No
summerheat is always accompanied by heavy sweating (T/F)
false …. there may or may not be sweating
which herb is considered the natural bai hu tang?
西瓜 (xi gua)
