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Abd Sono > Lecture 5 - Liver Anatomy & Physiology > Flashcards

Lecture 5 - Liver Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What regions does the liver occupy?

A

R. Hypochondrium, Epigastrium, L. Hypochondrium

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2
Q

Fundus of the stomach lies __ to the __

A

Posterior & Lateral — L. Lobe of the Liver (LLL)

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3
Q

The __ is adjacent to the __

A

Duodenum — R. Lobe of the Liver (RLL)

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4
Q

Body of the Pancreas is __ to the __

A

Inferior — L. Lobe of the Liver

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5
Q

Right Kidney, IVC & AO contact the __

A

Posterior border of the Liver

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6
Q

What can cause inferior displacement of the Liver?

A

Tumor infiltration, Cirrhosis, or a Subphrenic abscess

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7
Q

Dilation of __ can elevate the Liver

A

Colon or Abdominal Tumor

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8
Q

What specifically can shift the position of the Liver?

A

Ascites - due to its fluid accumulation

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9
Q

Part of the Liver not covered by peritoneum?

A

Bare Area - it is in direct contact with diaphragm

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10
Q

What is fluid accumulation below the diaphragm?

A

Ascites (think A for Abdomen)

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11
Q

What is fluid accumulation above the diaphragm?

A

Pleural Effusion (pleura-thin tissue covering lungs)

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12
Q

What are sites for abscess formation or fluid accumulation?

A

Subphrenic spaces

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13
Q

Morrisons pouch is a site for fluid accumulation - describe its location.

A

Upper Pole of R kidney & Posterior aspect of R. Lobe of Liver

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14
Q

How does Anatomical Division divide the Liver and what landmark does it use?

A

Falciform Ligament divides liver into larger R Lobe and smaller L Lobe

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15
Q

Where and How is Riedel’s lobe identified?

A

Anterior Inferior projection of the Right Lobe
DURING NORMAL RESPIRATION

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16
Q

How does the L. Lobe vary?

A

Varies Considerably in size & shape

17
Q

Quadrate lobe is __ and refers to the __

A

Obsolete term — medial segment of L. Lobe

18
Q

Caudate lobe is situated on __ with IVC as it’s __ and Ligamentum __ as its __ border

A

Posterior of L. Lobe — Posterior Border — Venosum — Anterior Border.

19
Q

The Caudate Lobe may __ the IVC with caudate lobe __

A

Compress — Enlargement

20
Q

Couinaud’s System aka __ based on __

A

Functional Division — Vasculature

21
Q

R. Lobe is separated from L. Lobe by the __

A

Main Lobar Fissure
(courses obliquely dividing R & L Lobes)

22
Q

How many functional segments are there?

A

8 self contained units
(has a hepatic artery, vein, bile duct & portal vein)

23
Q

Name the locations of the 8 functional segments:

A
  1. Caudate Lobe
    - may receive R & L Portal veins
    - may have 1 or more Hepatic veins draining into IVC
  2. L Lateral Superior
  3. L Lateral Inferior
    4a. L Medial Superior
    4b. L Medial Inferior
  4. R Anterior Inferior
  5. R Posterior Inferior
  6. R Posterior Superior
  7. R Anterior Superior
24
Q

Hepatic Veins are __ and divide liver into 4 segments

A

Intersegmental (between segments)

25
Q

Portal Triad is __ and courses to the center of each segment

A

Intrasegmental (within segments)

26
Q

Sonographic appearance of ligaments and fissures

A

Echogenic or Hyperechoic - due to collagen and fat within and around the structures

27
Q

Name of connective tissue covering liver

A

Glisson’s Capsule

28
Q

The bare are is covered by __

A

Glisson’s capsule

-bare area is covered by Glisson’s capsule

Glisson’s capsule (connective tissue)
NOT peritoneum

29
Q

__ divides liver into R. and L. Lobes functionally

A

Main Lobar Fissure

30
Q

__ is a hyperechoic line and connects the neck of the gallbladder to the Portal vein

A

Main Lobar Fissure

31
Q

How can ligament shadowing be avoided during a scan?

A

Adjusting positioning of probe or patient

32
Q

Falciform ligament is a __ peritoneum

A

2 layer

33
Q

Liver attaches to the anterior abdominal wall and inferior surface of diaphragm by the __

A

Falciform Ligament

34
Q

Falciform ligament extends from the diaphragm to the umbilicus and contains the __

A

Ligamentum Teres

35
Q

Falciform ligament attached to the __ and the __ of the diaphragm

A

Anterior Abdominal Wall — Inferior Surface

Abd Sono (1 decks)

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