Lecture 5: Impacts: Sustainability through businesses Flashcards
What is self-regulation? (King & Toffel, 2009)
Industry members monitor their adherence to environmental, ethical or safety standards (rather than a government/regulatory body monitoring and enforcing those standards)
Why does self-regulation exist?
1- collective reputation
2- assymetric information – credence goods
why do firms join to self-regulation?
1- Institutional pressures
2-Strategic choice (signal superior environmental performance, avoid stricter monitoring)
is self regulation effective?
1-industry-only programs fraught with free-riding
2-pogams with independent monitoring improve environmental performance
What are moral markets?
s: Moral markets are sectors that prioritize creating social value by addressing social and environmental issues through market solutions. These market go beyond traditional profit making motives and aim to contribute positively to society and the environment. Examples of moral markets include renewable energy.
Social movement often play a significant role in promoting and shaping moral markets by advocating for ethical practices and values within these sectors.
which companies join this market?
patagonia
what is the importance of organizational identity in a market entry?
Social movements point to solutions, firms with a congruent identity become aware of market opportunities
SMs point the companies that are to blame. firms with oppositional identities become aware of the opportunities as they become targets of activits.
explain the concept of insider social change agents.
“persons working from within an organization to advance changes linked to external societal concerns, which have purposes distinct from the core strategies ad operatins of the organiation, and which require mobilization activities to work against the grain to advance broad social change goals.”
They play a crucial role in addressing urgent societal issues by making local moves that aim towards broader impactful changes.
What are the categories of activities that an insider social change agent can engage?
● Preparing - Identify issue and develop expertise
● Motivating others - Motivate others to act, typically through framing
activities
● Connecting - Build coalitions and connections
● Resourcing - Acquiring internal and external resources
● Implementing - Experimenting, adapting and resisting pushback
● Evaluating - Reflecting on tensions, self-evaluations and roles and
careers
● Coping - Manage emotional labor and burnout
What are the implications of a insider social change agent?
1-Empowering Insider Social Change Agents - companies should create roles
that allow employees to “climate persist” and make a positive impact.
2-Finding a Role as an Insider Social Change Agent - consider organizations
that embrace environmental and social concerns as part of their purpose.
3-Redefining the Business Case - redefine what is “business-relevant” to drive
social impact from the inside out.
4-Building Networks for Social Change - insiders should work collaboratively
as facilitators and network members (instead of individual heroes).
5-Finding and Sharing Resources in Communities - find or create platforms
that allow insiders to access best practices, learn from failures, and inspire each
other.
6-Connecting Small Wins - To effectively leverage small wins, it is essential to
begin with a well-defined strategic roadmap.
What are the scope 1-2-3 emissions?
Scope 1, 2 and 3 is a way of categorizing the different kinds of carbon emissions a company creates in its wider value chain.
The term first appeared in the Green House Gas Protocal of 2001 and today, scopes are the basis for reporting.
Scope 1 emissions — this one covers the green house gas (GHG) emissions that a company makes directly — for example while running its boilers and vehicles
Scope 2 emissions — these are the emissions it makes indirectly — like when the electricity or energy it buys for heating and cooling building, is being produced on its behalf.
Scope 3 emissions — now here’s where it gets tricky. In this category go all the emissions associated, not with the company itself, but that is indirectly responsible for, up and down its value chain. For example, from buying products from its suppliers and from its products when customers use them. Emission-wise Scope 3 is nearly always the big one.
Facts
Scope 1 and 2 are most within an organisation’s control.
In some cases, the solutions exist to deliver net zero for Scope 1 and 2 emissions.
Scope 3 is often where the impact is.
Businesses also have less control on how Scope 3 emissions are adressed.
Comitting to reach net zero will involve tackling your scope 3 emissions.
How to measure climate change?
Climate changes is most commonly measured using the average surface of the planet.
Temperature: When measuring climate change this is a primary and can be measured or reconstructed for the Earth’s surface, and
sea surface temperature (SST).
Precipitation (rainfall, snowfall etc) offers another indicator of relative climate variation and may include humidity or water balance, and water quality.
Biomass and vegetation patterns may be discerned in a variety of ways and provide evidence of how ecosystems change to adapt to
climate change.
Sea Level measurements reflect changes in shoreline and usually relate to the degree of ice coverage in high latitudes and elevations.
What is the net zero emission?
Net zero refers to the balance between the amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) that’s produced and the amount that’s removed from the atmosphere. It can be achieved through a combination of emission reduction and emission removal.
