Lecture 5 - Bandura Et Al. Flashcards
When and where was Albert Bandura born?
December 4, 1925, in Mundare, Northern Alberta, Canada.
What degree did Albert Bandura earn in 1952, and from which university?
PhD in Psychology from the University of Iowa.
In what year did Albert Bandura become the president of the American Psychological Association (APA)?
1974.
What significant award did Bandura receive in 2004?
The Outstanding Lifetime Contribution to Psychology Award from the American Psychological Association.
What is Social Learning Theory?
It proposes that learning occurs through observation and imitation of others, rather than only through direct experience.
What does the concept of “Reciprocal Determinism” mean?
It suggests that a person’s behavior is influenced by personal factors, the environment, and behavior itself, all interacting with each other.
How does Bandura’s Social Learning Theory differ from traditional behaviorism?
Unlike behaviorism, which focuses on direct stimulus-response associations, Bandura emphasized learning through observation and imitation.
What was the main research question of Bandura’s Bobo Doll Study?
Can children learn aggressive behavior through imitation, and does gender matter?
What was the key hypothesis tested in the Bobo Doll Study?
Children who observe aggressive adult models will imitate aggression, and they will imitate same-sex models more than opposite-sex models.
How many children participated in the Bobo Doll Study, and what were their age ranges?
72 children, ages 3 to 6 (mean age = 52 months).
What were the two main conditions in the Bobo Doll study?
Aggressive model condition and non-aggressive model condition.
What behavior did the aggressive model exhibit in the study?
The model displayed aggressive behaviors towards the Bobo doll, such as punching, kicking, and hitting it with a mallet.
What did the children do after observing the model in the Bobo Doll Study?
The children were observed for 20 minutes in a room filled with toys, and their behavior was coded for imitative aggression (e.g., hitting the Bobo doll) and non-imitative aggression.
What was the main finding regarding children in the aggressive model condition?
Children in the aggressive model condition were more likely to imitate aggressive behaviors (both physical and verbal) towards the Bobo doll.
Was the hypothesis that children would imitate same-sex models supported?
Yes, children were more likely to imitate aggressive behavior from same-sex models.
Which gender imitated aggression more in the study?
Boys imitated aggression more than girls, especially with a male model.
What is a criticism regarding the ecological validity of the Bobo Doll Study?
The study was conducted in a lab, which may not reflect real-world scenarios of aggression, thus limiting its generalizability.
Why is the sample in the Bobo Doll Study considered biased?
The sample consisted mainly of children from a Stanford nursery, which may not represent children from different cultural or socioeconomic backgrounds.
What ethical concerns arose from the Bobo Doll Study?
Ethical concerns include the intentional mild aggression arousal (frustrating children) and the potential long-term effects of teaching aggression.
How has Bandura’s Social Learning Theory been applied in the understanding of media violence?
Bandura’s work laid the foundation for studies examining how exposure to violent media (TV, video games) can influence aggression in children and adolescents.
How has Bandura’s theory influenced therapy practices?
His work contributed to the development of modeling therapy, where individuals learn to overcome fears by observing others who have successfully managed those fears.
What is an example of a violence reduction program influenced by Bandura’s work?
Peer mediation and conflict resolution programs in schools are examples of violence reduction strategies based on social learning principles.
What did Bandura’s 1963 study investigate about the effects of media on aggression?
It examined the impact of live, filmed, and cartoon models on children’s aggression, finding that exposure to violent media could increase aggressive behavior.
What did the Bushman (2012) study find about media violence?
Aggression after watching media violence is more likely if the viewer actively identifies with the character and sees the violent behavior rewarded.
What is one criticism of the studies linking media violence to aggression, according to Ferguson & Kilburn (2010)?
They argue that the effect size of media violence on aggression is very weak, with many studies showing only a minor impact on aggression.
How does Bandura’s Social Learning Theory explain the influence of violent media on children?
How does Bandura’s Social Learning Theory explain the influence of violent media on children?
What is the impact of video games on aggression, according to the Anderson et al. (2010) review?
The review found a strong link between playing violent video games and an increase in aggressive behavior and a decrease in altruism and empathy.
How has Kühn et al. (2019) study challenged earlier findings on video games and aggression?
They found no significant differences between playing violent video games (e.g., GTA) and non-violent ones (e.g., Sims 3), challenging earlier research linking violent video games to increased aggression.
What is modeling therapy, and how does it relate to Bandura’s work?
Modeling therapy involves individuals observing someone else conquer their fears and then imitating those actions to overcome their own fears, a technique influenced by Bandura’s work on observational learning.
How did Bandura’s work shape the understanding of violence in schools?
His research inspired programs focused on conflict resolution and peer mediation, aiming to reduce violence through modeling positive behaviors.
What legacy did Bandura leave in the field of social learning and psychology?
Bandura’s Social Learning Theory continues to be foundational in fields such as media studies, child development, therapy, and violence prevention programs.
