Lecture 5

Question 1

What was the first antiseptic used made out of

Answer 1

Carbolic acid, which is made up of phenol derivatives that are very toxic

Question 2

What are the chemical control agents of microbes

Answer 2

Gases and liquids(antiseptics and disinfectants)

Question 3

Define disinfectants

Answer 3

Chemicals capable of killing microorganisms, CANNOT be applied to living tissue. used on inanimate objects

Question 4

Define antiseptics

Answer 4

Chemical agents that kill OR inhibit growth of microorganisms and that are sufficiently non-toxic to be applied to living tissue

Question 5

Define preservatives

Answer 5

Included in pharmaceutical preparations or foods to prevent microbial spoilage of the product

Question 6

What are the conditions that influence the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents

Answer 6

Population size, properties of the chemical agent, type of microbe, environmental factors and toxicity of the agent

Question 7

How does population size effect effectiveness of antimicrobials

Answer 7

The larger a population the longer it will take to reduce the population to an acceptable level

Question 8

How does the properties of the chemical agents alter the effectiveness of antimicrobials

Answer 8

Dilution- eg. ethanol working best in a 70% solution, everything has its optimal. Too high or too low can effect how well it works

pH- Either too high or too low can affect how an antimicrobial effectively functions