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MEC6444 Addative Manufacturing > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

AM is very ……… heavy ?

………. is needed throughout the AM process

A

software

software

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2
Q

fill in the gaps…

3D data generation aspects:

– Software types to take full advantage of the …….. ……….

– Often requires several different …………… to generate …………. …………..

A

design freedom

programmes

desired results

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3
Q

what are the 7 different types of 3D modelling

A
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4
Q

Parametric Modellers

Probably the most …………. form of 3D CAD

What 3 things does it do?

Use equations & relationships to generate ………..-based

parametric CAD data using ..-…… geometry

What examples of this Software are there?

A

common

– Solid & Surface Modelling, Assemblies & Engineering drawings

B-Rep

– SolidWorks
– Inventor
– Creo (Pro-E)
– Catia
– NX (Unigraphics)
– SpaceClaim

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5
Q

What are 4 common features of Parametric modeling?

A

Sketch planes

The feature tree

Provides a chronological description of the
modelling process

Allows infinite modification to the design

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6
Q

What are 5 advantages of Parametric 3d modeling

A

– Parametric – no undo, undo panic

– Solid modelling – simple and intuitive

– Most have a shallow learning curve

– Compatibility with other platforms

– Single platform for modelling, analysis, rendering & animation

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7
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of Parametric 3d modeling

A

– Surface modelling is limited (presently)

– Struggle with very organic forms(Possible, requires expert knowledge)

– Data & resource heavy

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8
Q

Surface Modellers

Class A surfacing – G3 ……..

– NURBS surface modelling
– Non-Uniform Rational B………

2 examples of this software are

A

continuity

Spline

– Rhinoceros (Rhino 3D)
– Autodesk Alias

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9
Q

Surface Modellers

• Design to support ………….. & Industrial/………… design sectors
– Powerful ………….. platform
– Fills the gap created by parametric modellers
– Industry standard for …. ……… design (Alias)
– Class A (G3 surfacing)

What is a common feature (in 3 parts)

A

Automotive, Product

surfacing

car body

– Advanced surface manipulation
• Curvature & tangency
• Continuity blending
• UV controls (Isoparms)

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10
Q

Surfaces modellers

What are 3 advantages of this software type ?

A

Flowing organic geometry

Advanced surface modelling operations & control

True 3D modelling - not sketch plane-based

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11
Q

Surface modellers

What are the 4 main disadvantages of this type ?

A

– Non-parametric, lots of deleting &‘undo’
– No feature tree
• Uses layers

– Struggles with ‘simple’ operations –
fillets

– Complex GUI & difficult to master

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12
Q

Polygon Modellers

• Modelling objects by representing or
………….. their surfaces using individual
…………
– Generally ……… but triangles are also possible

What are 4 examples of this type of software

A

approximating

polygons

quadrilateral

– Autodesk 3DS Max
– Autodesk Maya
– Modo
– Blender
– Z-brush (sculpting)

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13
Q

Polygon modellers

Design to support the ………… & ……………….. sectors

– Incredibly powerful DCC platforms

• D……… C…………C………
– Detailed character modelling
– Photo-realistic rendering
– Cinematic quality animation

What are common features for this type of modeling software

A

animation, gaming

Digital Content Creation

– Modifiers
• Operators

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14
Q

Polygon Modellers

what is the main advantges of this type of 3D modelling

A

3D modelling capabilities
• The ability to create almost anything
• Organic, cellular – limitless

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15
Q

Polygon Modellers

What are 4 disadvantages of this 3D modeling method

A

– Not ‘CAD’ data – compatibility/translation issues

– Not ‘CAD’ modelling – polygon modelling is a different mind-set

– No parametric – sizing is generally ‘guestimation’ (improving)

– Extremely complex GUI & incredibly difficult to master

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16
Q

Hybrid Modellers

Relatively new type of 3D modelling

What are hybrid modellers designed for?

Still in early stages of development - looking very promising

What examples of this type of software are there?

A

– Designed to provide polygon modelling capabilities to Surface & Solid parametric modellers – CAD data

Examples such as :

Autodesk T-Splines
• Plugin for Rhino
• Plugin for SolidWorks
– SolidThinking Evolve

17
Q

Hybrid Modelling

What is the main advantage of this type of 3D modelling (in 2 points)

A

3D modelling capabilities

• The ability to create almost anything
• ‘lossless’ translation from polygon to
CAD data

18
Q

Hybrid Modellers

What are 3 disadvantages of this form of 3D modelling ?

A

– Non-parametric, lots of deleting & ‘undo’

– No feature tree
• Uses layers

– Complex GUI & difficult to master
• Requires knowledge of both Polygon &
surface modelling techniques

19
Q

Generative Modellers

Generative modelling as been around nearly as long as …..

– The generation of complex …………. ………… based on a series of individual/repetitive ‘simple’ modelling operators

– Think lots of ‘extrudes cuts’ in a curved geometry, all
controllable of ……… , …………… and …………

A

CAD

modelling operations

  • Position
  • Depth
  • Draft etc
20
Q

Generative Modellers

Generative modelling was only accessible through ……… &…………..
– ……….. ………… Kit (SDK) plugins

• Polygon modelling

– Interest from Architecture & AM pushed development

Give 3 examples of this type of software

A

coding ,scripting

Self development

– Grasshopper plugin for Rhino
– Genoform plugin for SolidWorks
– Within

21
Q

Generative Modellers

what are the 3 main advantages ?

A

– Unlimited parametric control

– 3D modelling capabilities

– ‘flow chart’ architecture

22
Q

Generative Modellers

What are 2 disadvantages of this form of modelling ?

A

Disadvantages

– Need to master Rhino

– High modelling abilities

23
Q

CAE software

• C………. A………… E………….. (CAE) covers a large area, 3 examples include:

• All can play a role in developing 3D data for AM
• ………….. optimisation
– Lots of interest due AM capabilities
– Design freedom enables geometry to be realised

A

Computer Aided Engineering

Topology

24
Q

CAE Topology optimisation

  • Designed to ‘calculate’ optimal structures for set boundary conditions such as (3 examples)
  • 2 examples of this software are..
A

– Build like nature (cellular organic structures)
– Efficient use of materials
– Maximised performance

– Altair OptiStruct
– SolidThink Inspire

25
Q

Mesh Modellers

• Mesh modelling covers a range of applications & software,including:
– .. …… …….. manipulation for personalisation
• … - ………. – mesh/scan data to CAD data
– STL data manipulation

• AM systems all require STL data
– Poor ….. = poor ……

• Materialise Magics
– De facto standard
– Alternatives include: NetFabb

A

3D scan data

Re-topology

data, build

26
Q

Mesh Modelling: STL manipulation

• Materialise Magics
– Offers a range of STL ……. &
……. operations

– Highlight bad e….., t……..
– Check v………. & d………………
– Improve mesh q………
(triangulation)
– Arrange complete build files
– Ensure STL data if fit for AM
• You should ALWAYS ……… your STL
before AM!

A

check, repair

edges , triangles

volumes , dimensions

quality

check

27
Q

Mesh Modelling: 3D scan data manipulation

• 3D scan data manipulation for p……………….
– Re-topology – mesh/scan data to CAD data
• 3D Scan data is not CAD data…
– 3D scanning does provide 3D geometry
– Limited application without significant post-processing
– V…………….. & P…………….. both possible (AM)
• 4 examples 3D scan data to CAD data software

A

personalisation

Visualisation and physicality

-GeoMagics

– SolidWorks (Addin)
– Polytrans
– Materialise Mimmic

28
Q

Mesh Modelling: 3D scan data manipulation

• Designed to provide useful o…………..:
– W…… – visualisation of scan data
– C…….-.. – erroneous points & holes
– D……….. – reduce density
– Re-orientation
– Re-Topologies – generate patch layout for surface data
• Surface to Solid CAD data
– Suitable for all modelling operations
– Further manipulation
– Inclusion within new designs

A

operators

wrap

clean up

Decimate

MEC6444 Addative Manufacturing (18 decks)

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