lecture 5 Flashcards
What does it mean for a VAP to be spring loaded?
when binding occurs, protein released by spring open + connects 2 membranes
Where are VAPs located?
in naked: VAP in capsid
in enveloped: VAP is glycoprotein on cell envelope
what is targeted by neutralizing antibody?
specific regions of the VAP that inter
What is the initial interaction between the virus and the host
electrostatic, rolls along the cell surface, low affinity electrostatic interactions keep the cell nearby
- concentrate virus on cell surface, help it find the receptor regardless of the amount
What is the initial virus entry event
VAP binds to receptor, VAp changes and virus is internalized
What are possible receptors?
normal proteins or carbs, virus evolved to bind
- glycoprotein or protein base
What receptor does influenza bind to
silica acid
What is it called when multiple viruses can use the same receptor?
convergent evolution, example: Integrin (sticks out and grabs onto virus)
What are the two steps of virus attachment?
- virus binds to easy to find surface receptor that brings the virus close
- virus finds high affinity closer to cell surface
–> second receptor helps with endocytosis of membrane fusion
Whats the deal w silica acid?
Human silica acid makes 2,6 bond and avian silica acid makes a 2,3 bond. Avian silica acid cannot usually infect humans due to the difference
what is virus tropism?
ability of a virus to infect a specific cell type
What biochemical techniques can be used to identify a virus receptor?
affinity purification, MAb inhibition,
functional cloning
What is the genetic technique to identify a virus receptor?
remove genes from infected cell and put them into a non infected cell to see where the affected gene is
What are the two methods of virus entry?
endocytosis and membrane fusion
How do naked viruses penetrate the host?
enter via endocytic vessivke into cell
pH change of vessivke and capsid release, release genetic material
