Lecture 4b- The Different Types Of Humans Flashcards
Give the hominin geni from first to evolve to last to evolve
Australopithecus afaransis, then homo habilis, then homo erectus, then homo Neanderthalis, then Homo sapiens
When did ardipithecus live? Give the morphological features of : brain size, pelvis shape, forearms shape, hallux
4.4 ma, found in eithiopia
Brain size 300-350 cc (small)
Long forearm and fingers similar to chimps
Bowl shaped pelvis provided evidence for bipedalism ,but divergent grasping hallux suggests that they still spent a majority of time in trees
Give information on the genus Australopithecus. Include brain size, pelvis and limb shape, jaw shape and body size
-lived 4 ma to 2ma
-brain size 310-515 cc (35% of modern humans)
- bowl shaped pelvis indicates full bipedalism ability
-long forearm and curved fingers suggest sufficient amount of time still spent in trees.
-small body size and demonstrated sexual dimorphism
Larger teeth and jaws than modern humans
Who is Lucy?
A 3.2 million year old a. Afarensis skeleton found in Ethiopia in 1973.
When did Australopithecus go extinct?
Mostly by 2ma, with some lasting in east and South Africa till 1.2 ma
Explain when the genus homo first appeared
Appeared 2.3 million years ago (first fossils) after diverging from Australopithecus
When did homo habilis first appear? Describe size, brain size
Appeared 2.4 to 1.5 million years ago
Brain size 750 cc (50% modern humans)
Short stature and disproportionate long arms (like chimps)
When did homoerectus first appear? Give information on brain size, jaw shape, forelimb morpholog
2ma to 100ka
Lacked long forelimbs exhibited by previous evolutions, suggesting less time spent in trees
Very large brains of 1000cc
Rounded jaws allowed for increased verbalisation of sounds
What were the social behaviours of homo erectus?
Used crude tools, built fires, worked in social groups and show evidence of having “ homes”
When did Neanderthals first appear? Explain their social behaviour and adaptations
Lived 6000p0 years ago. Larger brains than modern humans
Made diverse tools, and had homes. Buried the dead and took care of sick. This was a big development in symbolic thinking
Had ape like, heavy ridge brows and were adapted to the cold
When did the lineage that formed homsapiens diverge from Neanderthals?
200000 years ago
When did anatomically modern humans first appear?
200000 years ago
