Lecture 43: Male reproductive system I

Question 1

The pelvis is comprised of what 4 bones?

Each hip bone is made out of what bones?

What are the posterior bones of the pelvis?

Answer 1

pelvis = 2 hipbones + sacrum + coccyx

hipbones = ilium + ischium + pubis

posterior = sacrum and coccyx

Question 2

What are the two joints of the pelvis ?

- where are they located

Answer 2

symphysis pubic = cartilaginous joint

sacroiliac joint = synovial - is the joint between the sacrum and ilium

Question 3

What are the 2 subdivisions of the pelvis?

How do they differ?

Answer 3

Fasle/greater pelvis
- superior region 
- above pelvis inlet
- contains GI tract
True/lesser pelvis 
- inferior region 
- between outlet and inlet
- contains reproductive organs

Question 4

How does the pelvis differ between females and males?

Answer 4

Males
- narrower subpubic angle
- heart shaped inlet
- curved coccyx
Females
- broader subpubic angle
- oval inlet
- straighter coccyx

Question 5

What is the pelvic floor?

What are the two muscles?

What are the openings in the pelvic floor?

Answer 5

• Closes over pelvis outlet

Two muscles
= levitator ani and coccygeus

Openings in pelvis floor
= urethra, anal canal, and vagina(females only)

Question 6

What is the perineum?
Where is it located?

What are the two triangular divisions?

Answer 6

The perineum is the area where the anus and external genitalia are located
- region inferior to the pelvic floor and between upper region of the thighs
- external genitalia and anus
anterior divison
= urogenital triangle —> urethra/vaginal opening; external genitalia
posterior divison
= anal triangle —> anal canal and fat

Question 7

What structures does the male reproductive tract include?

Answer 7

Path that sperm travels along includes:

• testes: testes and scrotum are located outside the body
• epididymis
• ductus (vas) deferens
• ejaculatory duct
• urethra

Question 8

Describe structures of the male reproductive tract
- testes

• seminiferous tubules

Answer 8

Testes
- produces sperm, testosterone and inhibi
- lies in scrotum outside the body. the scrotum contains: two testes and two spermatic cords
- surrounded by dense fibrous capsule = the tunica albuginea
Seminiferous tubules
- testes have lobules containing seminiferous tubules
- tubules join to form rete testis
- join to form ductules leading to epididymis

Question 9

Wha are the different cells of the somniferous tubules?

Answer 9

leydig cells = testosterone
sertoli cells = inhibin
spermatogenic cells = spermatozoa

Question 10

Describe the structures of the male reproductive tract

- epididymis

Answer 10

• sperm travels through the head, body and then tail

- sperm enter from seminiferous tubules and exit via ductus deferens

Question 11

Describe the structure of the male reproductive tract

- ductus deferens

Answer 11

• in spermatic cord
• covered by smooth muscle
• runs behind the urinary bladder
• dilates to form the ampulla
  The ductus deferens begins after the trial of the epididymis and runs upwards and through the spermatic cord, after leaving the spermatic cord the ductus deferens runs behind the urinary bladder where it dilates to form the ampulla. Sperm waits to be delivered through ejaculation

Question 12

Describe the structure of the male reproductive tract
- ejaculatory ducts

• urethra

Answer 12

ejaculatory ducts are formed where the ampullae and the seminal vesicles combine - they open not the prostatic urethra
Urethra
- functions: urination and ejaculation
- three sections: prostatic, membranous and penile/spongy
- epithelium changes; transitional. columnar, stratified squamous