lecture 41: triglyceride and membrane lipid synthesis

Question 1

what makes up a triacylglycerol

Answer 1

glycerol backbone and 3 fatty-acids

Question 2

what are the three main types of membrane lipids

Answer 2

phospholipids, glycolipids, archaeal ether lipids

Question 3

what are the two types of phospholipids

Answer 3

glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids

Question 4

what makes up a glycerophospholipid

Answer 4

glycerol backbone, 2 fatty-acids, phosphate and polar head group

Question 5

what is attached to the 1’ C in a glycerophospholipid

Answer 5

saturated fatty-acid

Question 6

what is attached to the 2’ C in a glycerophospholipid

Answer 6

unsaturated fatty-acid

Question 7

what is attached to the 3’ C in a glycerophospholipid

Answer 7

phosphate group with polar head group

Question 8

head group in phosphatidic acid

Answer 8

alcohol

Question 9

head group in phosphatidylethanolamine

Answer 9

ethanolamine

Question 10

head group in phosphatidylcholine

Answer 10

choline

Question 11

head group in phosphatidylserine

Answer 11

serine

Question 12

head group in phosphatidylglycerol

Answer 12

glycerol

Question 13

head group in phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate

Answer 13

inositol

Question 14

what are sphingolipids made from

Answer 14

sphingosine backbone, 1 fatty-acid, phosphate and polar head group

Question 15

ceramide has what head group

Answer 15

alcohol

Question 16

sphingomyelin has what head group

Answer 16

phosphocholine

Question 17

glucosylcerebroside has what head group

Answer 17

glucose

Question 18

globoside has what head group

Answer 18

sugars

Question 19

ganglioside has what head group

Answer 19

complex oligosaccharide

Question 20

phosphatidate synthesis using strategy 1

Answer 20

phosphatidate + CDP = activated glycerol which is then attacked by head group

Question 21

phosphatidate synthesis using strategy 2

Answer 21

phosphatidic acid + CDP = activated head group, which then attached itself to glycerol