Lecture 4 - The Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 1

What neurotransmitter is always used in the PNS

Answer 1

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 2

Is the PNS voluntary or involuntary?

Answer 2

Involuntary

Question 3

What enzyme is responsible for bonding Acetyl COA and Choline?

Answer 3

CAT

Question 4

What enzyme is responsible for breaking down ACh?

Answer 4

Acetylcholinesterase

Question 5

What does the enzyme break ACH into?

Answer 5

Acetate and Choline

Question 6

Describe a metatrobic receptor

Answer 6

G-coupled protein receptor
Found within plasma membrane
Winds in and out of membrane, causing transmembrane domains
ACh binds to the shape, activating G protein and sending 2nd messenger

Question 7

Describe ionotropic receptor

Answer 7

Nicotine
Found at brain, ganglia and neuromuscular junction
Ion channel receptor
Formed by 5 subunits
2 ACh molecules bind to activate and change shape

Question 8

Where is the muscarinic receptor found?

Answer 8

Post-ganglion

Question 9

Where is the nicotinic receptor found?

Answer 9

Pre-ganglion

Question 10

What does ACh do to the heart?

Answer 10

Slows down functions such as the heart rate (SA node), decreases contraction (atrial muscle), decreases electrical conduction (atrioventricular aka AV)

Question 11

What messenger impacts the heart?

Answer 11

M2, blocking these receptors can increase heart rate, blood pressure etc so good during cardiac arrest

Question 12

What does m1 control?

Answer 12

The gut and increases gastric acid

Question 13

What controls smooth muscle construction?

Answer 13

M3

Question 14

For the brain

Answer 14

M4+m5

Question 15

Blocking the m2 receptors will do what to the eye?

Answer 15

Increase pupil size (mydriasis) because it will mimick stimulant drugs