Lecture 4: Sacral SD Flashcards
Lateralization tests will tell you what about the axis of a torsion and unilaterally?
- Positive test is opposite of the side of axis for a torsion
- Positive test is on the same side for unilaterals
What are the 2 active motion sacral tests?
- Backward Bending Test (Sphinx)
- Respiratory motion
A neg. backward bending test indicates; while a positive indicates?
Neg. BBT = Flexed Sacrum
Pos. BBT = Extended Sacrum
Dysfuntion along which axis will have bilateral findings; which sacral level?
- Middle transverse axis (S2 anteriorly)
- Postural Motion
Innominate rotation occurs about which sacral axis; which sacral level?
- Inferior Transverse Axis (S3)
Dysfunctions along an oblique axis will have a deep sacral sulcus where in relation to the posterior/caudad ILA?
Opposite side
Dysfunctions along a vertical axis will have a deep sacral sulcus where in relation to the posterior/caudad ILA?
On the same side
Respiratory and craniosacral motion occur about which sacral axis at which sacral level?
Superior Transverse Axis (S2 posteriorly)
How can you tell if a sacrum is unilaterally flexed vs. extended?
- If deep sacral sulcus is on the right, posterior/caudad ILA on the right, lateralization test was on the right, sphinx test and/or lumbar spring is negative = right unilateral flexed sacrum
- If deep sacral suclus is on the right, posterior/caudad ILA on the right, lateralization test is to the left, sphinx test and or/ lumbar spring test is positive = left unilateral extended sacrum
What is a compensated L5?
If L5 is rotated in the opposite direction of the sacrum, is said to be compensated
Which way does L5 sidebend in regards to the oblique axis of a sacral torsion?
Towards the oblique axis of a torsion
Forward torsions (L/L ST or R/R ST) are considered flexed and in this regard which type of mechanics does L5 follow?
- Type I mechanics
- A flexed sacrum means a neutral L5
Bacward torsions (L/R ST or R/L ST) are considered extended and what type of mechanics will L5 follow?
- Type 2 mechanics
- Extended sacrum = non-neutral L5 (Type 2)
What are the L5 findings for a L/L ST and R/R ST?
L/L ST —-> L5 neutral SLRR
R/R ST —> L5 neutral SRRL
What are the L5 findings for a L/R ST and a R/L ST?
L/R ST —-> L5 flexed/extended SRRR
R/L ST —> L5 flexed/extended SLRL