Lecture 4 - Fishing Methods Flashcards

1
Q

Traditional/ atrisanal/ pre-industrial fishing methods

A

1) spears, arrows, harpoons
2) fish ponds
3) fish weir (aka fence)
4) pound net
5) pots and traps
6) hooks and lines

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2
Q

Modern/ industrial fishing methods

A

1) traps and pots
2) hook and line, trolling
3) longline
4) gill netting (anchored or drift)
5) trawl nets
6) purse seines
7) fish aggregating devices (FADs)

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3
Q

Annual catch amount by industrial method:

A

1) Purse seine ~50%
2) Otter trawl ~17%
3) Lines ~9%
4) Pound/trap nets ~8%
5) Gill nets ~6%

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4
Q

What are the general technological advances that have enabled increased industrial fishing capabilities?

A

1) echo sounds
2) synthetic fibers (for nets and lines)
3) power (power winch, power block, etc.)
4) boat range (and size)
5) navigation aids (GPS)
6) preservation of catch (drying/salt and factory ships that completely process at sea)

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5
Q

What are negatives associated with bottom trawling?

A

1) very high bycatch, in some cases

2) damage seafloor environments

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6
Q

Trawl doors/otter doors (definition)

A

Hold trawl nets apart when fished

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7
Q

Cod end (definition)

A

The bag at the back of tawl net where the fish go

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8
Q

What are the two type of trawl nets?

A

1) Mid-water

2) Benthic or otter trawl

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9
Q

Bycatch (definition)

A

The unwanted fish and other marine creatures caught during commercial fishing for a different species

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10
Q

Ghost fishing (definition)

A

Discarded gear that continues to fish

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11
Q

Why and when were gill nets banned on the high seas?

A

Banned in 1992 due to high bycatch and ghost fishing

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12
Q

What is the length of a pelagic longline used for swordfish, tuna, and billfishes?

A

15-60km

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13
Q

What is the length of a benthic longline used for halibut and black cod?

A

1-10km

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14
Q

Why are synthetic fibers and wire mesh beneficial for industrial fisheries?

A

They resist damage in the ocean

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