Lecture 4 - Dynamic Stabilization (PHT 245)

Question 1

What is core stability?

Answer 1

The spine and pelvis must be properly aligned and controlled in order to transfer momentum summation of forces across the segment with improved accuracy and safety of dynamic activity.

Question 2

importance of core stability:

Answer 2

-Muscular control around lumbopelvic region needs to exist for functional stability
-Core is the centre of the functional kinetic chain
-Movements are generated at the core and translated to the extremities
-Described as a box

Question 3

What does the kinetic chain consist of?

Answer 3

1. Cervical spine
2. Thoracic spine
3. Lumbar spine
4. Hip joints
5. Knee joints
6. Ankle joints

Question 4

What muscle groups make up your core?

Answer 4

Abdominal muscle groups.

Question 5

What muscles are in the abdominal muscle group?

Answer 5

1. External abdominal oblique
2. Rectus abdominis (six pack)
3. Internal abdominal oblique
4. Transverse abdominis (around spine for protection and stability.

Question 6

multifidus and TrA:

Answer 6

action: Extension and lateral rotation of spine.
Insertion: spinous processes of vertebrae.
Origin: Transverse processes of vertebrae

Question 7

purpose of Multifidus and TrA:

Answer 7

For stability and movement

Question 8

Stability of the lumbar spine involves:

Answer 8

Passive stiffness
Active stiffness
Lumbar instability

Question 9

how do muscles contribute to lumbar stabilization?

Answer 9

1. Strengthen Global (dynamic) stabilizers
2. Strengthen Local (postural, tonic) stabilizers
   3.Endurance and activation.

Question 10

what are the 3 kinds of positioning?

Answer 10

1. prone
2. sitting
3. standing

Question 11

how to activate the core muscles in prone position?

Answer 11

-Deep breath in and out draw abdomen towards the spine (without taking a breath)
-Slightly anteriorly rotates the pelvis to activate the multifidi muscle
-Palpate for optimal recruitment of muscle fibers
-Once contraction is achieved commence breathing slowing (holding contraction for about 10s)

Question 12

what are other approaches to drawing in?

Answer 12

1. Bracing in standing (which activates abdominal musculature and extensors, stabilizes the lumbopelvic region with isometric exercises)
2. Curl ups
3. Side bridges
4. Bird dog

Question 13

what are the objectives for core stability?

Answer 13

1. Improve recruitment of core stability muscle groups
2. Re-education of tonic functions of stabilizing muscles
3. Development of exercises aimed at specific control and dissociation across kinetic chain

Question 14

what is isotonic contractions vs isometric contractions?

Answer 14

-Isotonic contractions maintain constant tension in the muscle as the muscle changes length. This can occur only when a muscle’s maximal force of contraction exceeds the total load on the muscle.
-Isometric exercises are tightening (contractions) of a specific muscle or group of muscles. During isometric exercises, the muscle doesn’t noticeably change length. The affected joint also doesn’t move. Isometric exercises help maintain strength-

Question 15

two types of isotonic contractions?

Answer 15

-A concentric contraction, the muscle tension rises to meet the resistance then remains stable as the muscle shortens.
-An eccentric contraction, the muscle lengthens as the resistance becomes greater than the force the muscle is producing.