LECTURE 4: CSI // CHAPTER 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Crime Scene?

A
  • Anywhere that evidence may be located that will help explain the events that occurred
     Property
     People – victim/ offender/ could be material on them
     Space
     Vehicles
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2
Q

Define the variable nature of a crime scene & why CSI is important

A
  • every scene is different
  • no set rulebook for how to investigate
    (the only consistency in crime scene investigation is inconsistency)
  • it is the first part of the process that leads to conviction or exoneration
  • if not done correctly from the beginning it lays a bad foundation for the rest of the investigation
  • what happens at the scene effects everything thereafter
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3
Q

Define the objectives of CSI

A
  • to determine if a crime has been committed (if there is no conceivable offence there is no crime scene)
  • to discover and document all relevant facts
  • to identify and eliminate suspects as a result of collected physical and testimonial evidence
  • to locate and apprehend offender
  • to maintain a proper CoC
  • to testify as a witness to the collected evidence
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4
Q

Define and discuss the role, value and utility of physical evidence

A
  1. Can prove the crime has been committed or establish key elements of the crime
  2. It can establish the ID of persons associated with the crime
  3. It can place the suspect in contact with the victim or with the crime scene
  4. It can exonerate the innocent
  5. It can corroborate the victims testimony
  6. A suspect confronted with physical evidence is more likely to make admissions/confess
  7. Court has become reliant on it
  8. Juries expect it- the absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
  9. Negative evidence (no physical evidence where expected) may provide useful information (false reports)
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5
Q

List the ways in which evidence may be preserved and how chain of custody is
maintained

A

Collection and preservation of evidence

  • evidence should be handled as little as possible
  • items packaged individually
  • known/ control samples needed for comparative analysis
  • paper is preferred packaging
  • sealable airtight containers for chemical evidence and accelerants
  • avoid contamination

Chain of custody (CoC)

  • court requires proof that evidence collected from scene and submitted to court are the same
  • who had contact with evidence
  • when they were in contact
  • what were the circumstances of them having it
  • what changes were made to it
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6
Q

Datum:

A

a fixed reference pointbject

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7
Q

Artifact:

A

human-made or modified portable object

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8
Q

Feature:

A

non-portable artifact, fire pit, house, garden

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9
Q

Organic/ environmental remains:

A

natural remnants that nonetheless indicate human activity, animal bones, plants

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10
Q

Provenance:

A

origin or derivation of an item in 3-dimensional space

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11
Q

Task of first officer

A
  • Secure the scene and prevent destruction or alteration of the critical and sometimes fragile context of a crime scene
    1. Detain any potential suspects
    2. Render medical assistance to those in need
    3. Do not destroy, alter, or add any evidence at the scene
    4. Prevent others, even superior, from doing the same
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12
Q

Chain of custody

A
  • Most important piece of paper generated at a crime scene

- Documents the movements of evidence from the time it Is obtained to the time it is presented in court

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13
Q

nitrile gloves

A

provide protection from acids, alkaline solutions, hydraulic fluid photographic solutions, fuels, aromatics and some solvents - also cut resistant

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14
Q

neoprene gloves

A

offer protection from acids, solvents alkalies, bases, and most refrigerants

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15
Q

latex or natural rubber gloves

A

are resistant to mild acids, caustic materials, genocides - will degrade if exposed to gasoline, kerosene and prolonged exposure to excessive heat or direct sunlight

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16
Q

polyvinyl chloride

A

is resistant to alkalies oils and low concentrations of nitric and chromic acid

17
Q

Cordon

A
  • a line or circle of police, soldiers, or guards preventing access to or from an area or building.
18
Q

Corpus Deliciti

A
  • The facts of a crime

• a crime must be proved to have occurred before a person can be convicted of committing that crime

19
Q

Modus Operandi

A
  • Information on the criminal behaviour
20
Q

Quality Control (QC)

A
  • Monitoring processes with the aim of detecting nonconforming product.
21
Q

Quality Assurance (QA)

A
  • Aimed at prevention of nonconformance