Lecture 4: Cell Cycle and Cell Division Flashcards
What are the three reasons why cells divide?
- Reproduction
- Growth
- Regeneration
Before a cell divides; what are the four events that must occur?
- Reproductive signal
- Replication of DNA
- Segregation (distribution to daughter cells)
- Cytokinesis (division)
Prokaryotic cells divide by ___ ___.
Binary fission.
Do eukaryotic cells constantly divide? Why/why not?
No. Depends on environmental factors.
Is there a particular time that eukaryotes can replicate their DNA?
Yes (between cell divisions).
In the segregation stage of eukaryotic cell division what is the nuclear division called?
Mitosis.
What is the period between one cell division and the cell division following?
The cell cycle.
What are the two distinct stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase and mitosis/cytokinesis.
How is the cell cycle regulated?
By cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk’s).
What process needs to take place to DNA in eukaryotic cells before mitosis?
Compacting.
What substance helps compress DNA before mitosis?
Histone proteins.
Are cells created by mitosis identical to their parent cell?
Yes.
What are the five stages of mitosis?
- Prophase
- Prometaphase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
What is the function of the spindle apparatus?
Separate the sister chromatids during mitosis.
What structure pinches the middle of the eukaryotic cell in cytokinesis?
A contractile ring.
