Lecture 4

Question 1

How many muses are there?

Answer 1

9

Question 2

Name the muses and their personifications

Answer 2

Calliope = epic poetry
▪ Clio = history
▪ Euterpe = lyric song
▪ Thalia = comedy/bucolic poetry
▪ Melpomene = tragedy
▪ Terpsichore = dance
▪ Erato = erotic poetry
▪ Polyhymnia = sacred song
▪ Urania = astronomy

Question 3

Who are the creators of the muses?

Answer 3

Zeus and Mnemosyne

Question 4

What does Chaos mean?

Answer 4

Chasm. The primeval emptiness of the universe before things came into being or the abyss of Tartarus, the underworld

Question 5

Who is Gaia or Ge?

Answer 5

The personification of the Earth

Question 6

What is Tartaros?

Answer 6

The deep abyss that is used as a dungeon of torment and suffering for the wicked and as the prison for the Titans

Question 7

Who is Eros?

Answer 7

The Greek god of love and sex

Question 8

Who is Nyx?

Answer 8

Greek goddess (or personification) of the night

Question 9

Who is Erebos?

Answer 9

Representing the personification of darkness

Question 10

Who is Aether?

Answer 10

Aether is the personification of the “upper sky”. He embodies the pure upper air that the gods breathe, as opposed to the normal air breathed by mortals.

Question 11

Who is Hemera?

Answer 11

The personification of day

Question 12

Who are the six male titans?

Answer 12

Oceanus – Oceanids
▪ Hyperion – Helios, Selene, Eos
▪ Koios
▪ Krios
▪ Iapetos – Atlas, Prometheus
▪ KRONOS

Question 13

Who are the six female titians?

Answer 13

▪ Rhea
▪ Themis
▪ Mnemosyne – Muses
▪ Tethys
▪ Phoebe
▪ Theia

Question 14

Who were the 3 “children” of Gaia?

Answer 14

Ouranos: Sky
▪ Pontos: Sea
▪ Ourea: Mountains

Question 15

Who were the “children” of Gaia and Ouranos (EARTH+SKY)?

Answer 15

12 Titans

Question 16

Who were the cyclopses?

Answer 16

▪ Brontes (“thunderer”)
▪ Steropes (“flasher”)
▪ Arges (“brightener”)

Question 17

Who were the hundred handers (giants)?

Answer 17

Kottos
▪ Briareus
▪ Gyges

Question 18

What are the themes of the KRONOS VS. OURANOS

story?

Answer 18

Unjust treatment; succession; children vs. father;

stratagem/trick (metis); patriarchy; physical creation

Question 19

How was aphrodite born?

Answer 19

Aphrodite was born from the white foam produced by the severed genitals of Uranus (Heaven) after his son Cronus threw them into the sea

Question 20

Where was aphrodite said to be born?

Answer 20

Cythera and Cyprus. Both claimed to be her birthplace.

Question 21

Who are the three fates?

Answer 21

The Three Fates
▪ Clotho – “Spinner”
▪ Lachesis – “Measurer”
▪ Atropos – “Un-turnable”

Question 22

Who were the children of Kronos & Rhea?

Answer 22

1. Hestia
2. Demeter
3. Hera
4. Hades
5. Poseidon
6. Zeus

Question 23

What is the name of the stone Kronos swallowed?

Answer 23

Omphalos

Question 24

Who Kronos allies in TITANOMACHY?

Answer 24

The Titans & their children

Question 25

Who were Zeus allies in TITANOMACHY?

Answer 25

His 5 siblings
▪ Gaia & Rhea
▪ The Cyclopes (thunderbolt)
▪ The Hundred-Handers
▪ Titans Themis (“Justice”)
and Prometheus (sort of)

Question 26

Who won TITANOMACHY?

Answer 26

Zeus

Question 27

Where did Zeus send the Titans?

Answer 27

Tartaros