Lecture 4

Question 1

Acquired stuttering has an onset typically in _______ with ___ language difficulties as a child. There are Two types: what are they?

Answer 1

Adulthood, No

1) Neurogenic stuttering: following neurological trauma or disease
2) Psychogenic stuttering: not associated with identifiable neurological problem

Question 2

True or false men are more at risk for Neurogenic stuttering than women

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What type of stuttering is most common following a stroke?

Answer 3

Neurogenic stuttering

Question 4

Electric stimulation of which structure elicited effortful stuttering during surgery

Answer 4

L frontal aslant tract (FAT) - white matter bundle connecting SMA and Pre SMA to posterior IFG

Question 5

True or false in neurogenic stuttering secondary symptoms such as facial grimacing, eye blinking, or fist clenching are always associated with moments of disfluency

Answer 5

FALSE - in neurogenic stuttering there are not always secondary symptoms such as this (about 50%??)

Question 6

If someone presents with neurogenic stuttering and has the following symptoms: Rapid speech
Uncontrolled repetitions and prolongations
Long silences without struggle
Cluttering-like speech, what would you hypothesize caused the stuttering?

Answer 6

Head injury

Question 7

If someone presents with neurogenic stuttering and has the following symptoms: Rapid movement attempts
Freezing
Prolongations or silent blocks hat would you hypothesize causes the stuttering?

Answer 7

Most likely a parkinson’s patient

Question 8

Stroke patients with neurogenic stuttering are most likely to exhibit what symptoms?

Answer 8

More short-segment repetitions

Also longer words and phrases

Question 9

In ________ stuttering Some patients show higher than expected medial and/or final segment disfluencies

Answer 9

neurogenic

Question 10

_______ stuttering is Very rare, Adult onset
has No neurological factors,
and No secondary behaviours

Answer 10

Psychogenic

Question 11

What are some treatments for Aquired stuttering?

Answer 11

Behavioural fluency treatment
Fluency enhancing (DAF)
Drug treatment
Surgical (deep brain stimulators)
Psychotherapy

Question 12

________ is a disorder that effects the fluent flow of communication including Variable speech rate, multiple artic errors, voice issues (monotone, weak), repetitions, blocks, poor concentration but no frustration as in stuttering

Answer 12

cluttering

Question 13

cluttering is characterized by what three main features

Answer 13

(1) a rapid and/or irregular articulatory rate; (2) a higher than average frequency of disfluencies, dissimilar to those seen in stuttering, and (3) reduced intelligibility due to exaggerated coarticulation (deletion of syllables or sounds in multi-syllabic words) and indistinct articulation.

Question 14

True or false, in neurogenic stuttering we may also observe word finding difficulties, Frequent speech errors, Physical immaturity, clumsy, uncoordinated, Poor musical and rhythmic skills
Impulsive, Lack of awareness and/or concern

Answer 14

FALSE - this type of speech is characteristic of cluttering

Question 15

approximately ____% of stuttering clients also have cluttering

Answer 15

5-30

Question 16

What are some therapy options for individuals who clutter?

Answer 16

Working on concentration skills and memory
Sequential storytelling
Help to organize thoughts
Decrease of speech rate (DAF, prolonged speech)
Increased self-monitoring skills (audio and video)
Better pragmatic skills
Relaxation, visualizing (cognitive skills)