Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Motor Learning > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Performance Outcome Measures

A

Measure outcome or results of performing a motor skill

  • time to complete a task
  • reaction time
  • distance covered
  • errors
  • standardized functional tests
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Performance Production Measures

A

measures the performance charcteristces that produced the outcome

  • specific aspects of motor control sysytem
  • velocity, acceleration, joint angle, force
  • how nervous system is functioning (fmri, pet)
  • how muscular system is function (emg)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Kinematics

A

the description of pure motion withou regard for forces and masses
describe movement of limbs and entire body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Components of kinematics

A

spatial & temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

apraxia

A

loss of motor planning- person will understand your command but cannot generate motor plan to do that

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sptaila Planning Decifict Study

A

healthy control vs patient with parietal lobe stroke and apraxia
slice loaf of bread
apraxic person- pathway was circular, not in one plane of movment
control group= pathway was linear in saggital plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Spatial planning deficits with command, object and tool study

A

patients with apraxia
Command- miming,

Object- just had bread, miming knife

Tool- knife no bread
Both- both bread and knife

Worked best with both object and tools
We can work to amerlioate difference in spatial planning if we give them actual real tools we want them to use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Constant Error

A

average magntidue of error in movement performance

takes direction into account

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

absolute error

A

measures magnitude but not direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

variable error

A

measures consistency or inconsistency of responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

discrete task

A

specific start and end point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

continuous task

A

repetitive task

ex. gait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

error for discrete tasks

A
  • constant error
    absolute error
    variable error
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

error for continuous taks

A

root mean square error

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

root mean square error

A

measures both deviation and consistency
measures difference between target trajectory and actual trajectory over time
can be used to create a performance curve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

simple reaction time

A

one stimulus, one repsonse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

choice reaction

A

multiple stimuli, each has a specific response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

discrimination

A

multiple stimuli but only respond to one type of stimuli
example- task to hit red everytime you see blue
both stimulated and inhibited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Response time

A

reaction time + movment time
reaction- between start signal and intiation of response
movement0 intiation to termination

20
Q

premotor time

A

planning of movement

21
Q

EMG - response time?

A

can measure motor time but not premotor time

22
Q

Parkinson’s Reaction time

A

PD early onset- normal reaction time

actual onset of muscle recruitment is normal but time it takes to complete movement is slow

23
Q

Muscle Performance + EMG

A

measures involvement of muscles by recording electrical activity in the muscle during movement
provides info about the identity of active muscles
provides info about temporal patterning
provides info about intensity of concentration(signal amplitude)
activation pattern between several muscles- antagonists and synergists

24
Q

Children with CP co contraction

A

CP kids- muscle firing at same time
ability to recover over base of support is impaired
no reicprocal inhibition

25
Q

Performance production- how is a movement performed?

A

Looks at the component parts of the movement AND at the neurologic and musculoskeletal components of movement creation

26
Q

What do Performance Production Measures Tell Us?

A

How the nervous system is functioning
How the muscular system is operating
How limbs or joints are acting before, during, and after a person performs a skill

27
Q

Performance Outcomes

A

outcome and end result of a movement

28
Q

Performance Outcome Measures Tell Us?

A

Task Complete vs. Incomplete
Error
Accuracy
Consistency

29
Q

Production Measures- Spatial

A 
Location of limb segments
Joint Angle
Location of limb in space
Movement Shape
Joint Coordination
Pathway of Trajectory
Displacement 
Range and Control (fractionation)
Measured Via:  Cinematography, Optoelectric Camera, or Motion Analysis
30
Q

Production Measures- Temproal

A 
Velocity
Acceleration
Movement Duration
Force
Measured via: EMG, EEG, PET, fMRI
31
Q

Outcome Measures examples

A 
Time to Complete Task
Reaction Time
Amount of Error 
Absolute, Constant, Variable, RMSE
Number or %age of errors
Number of successful attempts
Time on/off target
Time on/off balance
Distance
Trials or Repetitions to Completion
32
Q

EMG is used for

A

– identification of active muscles, intensity, temporal patterning

33
Q

PET SCans, fMRI are used to

A

visualize the working brain

34
Q

Positive Neuroplasticity

A

functional recovery

35
Q

Negative Neuroplasticity

A

behavioral compensation

36
Q

behavioral Compensation

definiton

A

response to damage and behavioral attempts to compenstae for effects of damage
negative plasticity

37
Q

Functional Recovery defintion

A

response to a behavioral experience that enhances functional outcome and promotes functional reorganization
positive neuroplasticity

38
Q

Functional recovery- operational definiton

A

reacquisiton of elemental motor patterns present prior to CNS injury

39
Q

Functional recovery occurs as a result of

A

sponaneous recovery
experience dependent motor training
increased involvement of contralateral hemisphere
axonal remodeling of corticopinal system

40
Q

Compensation

A

appearance of new motor patterns from the adaptation of remaining motor elements

41
Q

substitution

A

integration of alternative motor elements form different end effectors

42
Q

Writing example of functional recovery, compensation and subsitituion

A

functional recoveru- write the way you did before
compensation- adapt pen, utilize different stratefy, change posture
subtitution- learn how to use other hand

43
Q

% of gains due to spontanous recovery

A

70%

44
Q

What goes on in rehab?

A

Patients are coming in from acute care sicker

Patients are being discharged from rehab quicker

Many treatment models are not 1:1

How do we respond?
Make them “functional” as quickly as possible
Decrease burden of care
Maximize independence

In essence, we teach compensatory and substitution strategies

45
Q

Constraints why we can’t acheive neural plasticity

A

Red lines- constraints why we cant achieve neural plasticity: fatigue, spasticity, attention, depression, limited time

46
Q

How can we attempt to target functional recovery

A

“Set up practice to enable patient to use affected system in a limited setting”

Design interventions to allow patient to use their affected extremities safely in an environment that fosters success

47
Q

Functional Reorganization

A

Skill dependent not use dependent

repitition is not enough- must be emphasis on skill acquisition

Motor Learning (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions