Lecture 4

Question 1

Osmosis

Answer 1

Passive movement of water across a semipermeable membrane (no energy required)

Question 2

Interstitial fluid

Answer 2

Extracellular fluid (EFC)

Question 3

Diffusion occurs

Answer 3

From higher to lower concentrations

Question 4

Aquaporins

Answer 4

Allow water to pass through lipid bilayer

Question 5

_______ is contained in the lipid bilayer

Answer 5

Cholesterol

Question 6

Can go through the lipid bilayer

Answer 6

Lipids, fat soluble vitamins, alcohol, O2, CO2

Question 7

Can water go through the phospholipid bilayer

Answer 7

Yes, small and sheer abundance

Question 8

Cannot go through the phospholipid bilayer

Answer 8

Polar/Charged molecules, AA, sugar

Question 9

Leak channels

Answer 9

Always open

Question 10

Gate channels

Answer 10

Not always open

Question 11

Diffusion occurs

Answer 11

Down their concentration gradient

Question 12

To move up a concentration gradient

Answer 12

ATP is required

Question 13

Vesicular Transport

Answer 13

Endocytosis (in) and Exocytosis (out)

Question 14

Phagocytosis

Answer 14

Endocytosis for things w/ big structure

Question 15

Microvilli

Answer 15

Allow for higher SA of membrane for more nutrient absorbtion

Question 16

Cytoplasm

Answer 16

All materials inside the cell and outside of the nucleus

Question 17

What uses mitochondria at rest?

Answer 17

Neurons, heat, and digestive system

Question 18

Myofibrils

Answer 18

Cause contractions in skeletal muscle cells

Question 19

ATP

Answer 19

Made on demand (cannot store), made in cytoplasm (anaerobic) or mitochondria (aerobic)

Question 20

Cytoskeleton

Answer 20

Structure shape & strength (keratin), Scaffolding, Zip-line, Contraction (myosin & actin)

Question 21

Cilia

Answer 21

Moves fluid across cell surface (mucus in trachea)

Question 22

Flagella

Answer 22

Moves the cell itself (sperm)

Question 23

What causes lactic acid?

Answer 23

ATP made in cytoplasm w/o oxygen. So during exercise when oxygen is consumption is maxed out and need cytoplasm to produce ATP as well is how we get sore the next day.

Question 24

Hypotonic

Answer 24

Lots of water enters cell b/c salt concentration is higher in cell

Question 25

Hypertonic

Answer 25

Lots of water leaves cell b/c salt concentration is lower in cell than outside the cell.

Question 26

Isotonic

Answer 26

Same salt conc inside and outside of cell