Lecture 4 Flashcards
What is the p-value?
the probability of observing a score greater or equal to some
threshold score x by chance alone
What is a markov chain?
A Markov chain is a mathematical model that represents a sequence of events where the probability of each event depends only on the state of the previous event. It is characterized by the Markov property, which states that the future state depends only on the present state, not on the sequence of events that preceded it.
What is time homogoneous
Switching between states in a markov model Independet of time
What is time inhomogoneous
Switching between states in a markov model dependent of time
How is a Markov chain is completely described?
by specifying
1 the vector π of initial probabilities and
2 the matrix A of transition probabilities.
A HMM is completely described by which probabilities?
initial probabilities
transition probabilities
emission probabilities,
What is the batch effect?
Bias in Data analysis when
How can you visualize batch effect?
PCA / Box plot (if different batches clump together -> batch effect)
How can you remove batch effect?
Batch removal / data integration
