lecture 4 Flashcards
Henry thoreau
advocate for nature and anti-materialism (1800s)
John Muir
Developed preservationist ethic (18-1900s)
preservationist ethic
natural areas have spiritual (intrinsic) values that surpass the material value obtained from their exploitation
Gilfford pinchot
developed resource conservation ethic (1900s)
Resource conservation ethic
proper use of natural resources that will further “the greatest good of the greatest number for the longest time” resources should not be wasted
Aldo Leopold
developed the land ethic (mid 1900’s)
Land ethic
human use of resources was a balancing act between exploitation over the land and preservation (integrated resource use into preservation ethic)
definition of conservation bio:
integrated multidisciplinary scientific field that recently emerged in response to the challenge of preserving the world’s biodiversity (not defined by discipline but by goals)
goals of cons bio
document full range of planets biodiversity, investigate human impacts of biodiversity, develop approaches to prevent extinctions, maintain genetic diversity, protect and restore ecosystems
soule’s ethical principles:
Biodiversity should be preserved,
species and population extinctions should be prevented,
ecological complexity should be maintained
>4 billion years of evolution should continue, populations should continue to evolve in nature
biodiversity has intrinsic value, independent of economic, scientific, or aesthetic values
stewardship
responsible use and protection of the environment
michael soule
1978 proposed interdisciplinary approach to conservation at 1st conference
1985 began to develop discipline
most serious aspect of biodiversity loss
extinction
extinct
no living member exists
extirpated
locally extinct
