Lecture 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

is a change in a DNA sequence.

A

mutation

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2
Q

Give examples of tumor suppreesors that are mutated in many types of cancer

A
  • transcription factor (p53)
  • the retinoblastoma
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3
Q

A change in a single base pair is often referred to as a

A

point mutation.

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4
Q

Point mutations example?

A

sickle-cell anemia

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5
Q

Changes thenucleotide sequence so that instead of encoding an amino acid, the triplet functions as a stop codon, terminating the protein.
Which type of mutations?

A

nonsense mutation

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6
Q

is a nucleotide change that results in a different amino acid, such as a change from Lysine(AAA)Toglutamate (GAA)
Which type of mutations?

A

missense mutation

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7
Q

Type of Causes of DNA Damages:

A

Endogenous (DNA damage , Spontaneous)
Exogenous ( Chemical, Physical )

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8
Q

encode proteins that drive the cell division cycle forward called

A

oncogenes

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9
Q

Encode proteins that suppress cell division.

A

Tumor suppressor genes

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10
Q

main pathway used to remove bulky DNA lesions such as those formed by UV light.

A

Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER)

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11
Q

The enzyme for Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) called what?

A

excinuclease complex or UvrABC complex.

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12
Q

The enzyme for Base Excision Repair (BER) called what?

A

DNA glycosylase
, Then DNA polymerase filling new DNA.Finally DNA ligase seal the nick.

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13
Q

Is the one that removes any error left in the DNA after replication.

A

Mismatch Repair system (MMR)

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