Lecture 3B : The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit

Question 1

according to him, man has immortal sould and a mortal perishable body

Answer 1

Plato

Question 2

according to ________, the soul has tripartite nature

Answer 2

Plato

Question 3

what are the tripartite nature fo the soul?

Answer 3

a. a soul or an immortal part ehich existed before it became part of the body
b. a courageous or spirited part
c. an appetitive part

b and c are mortal and perish when man dies

Question 4

it is the permanent changeless and divine element that is the giver of life to the body which makes the human being a soul using the body

Answer 4

soul

Question 5

According to him, the life of a being is a continuos ascent towards the world of ideasm a journey in which the soul tries to free itself from its imprisonment in the body

Answer 5

plato

Question 6

What are Plato’s theory of form?

Answer 6

Transcendent and material realm

Question 7

For him, God pa=lays the role of both the eternal cause of all motion and the ultimate final of all motion and change’the unmoved eternal mover

Answer 7

Aristotle

Question 8

He says that all things tend towards God as their final state or goal

Answer 8

Aristotle

Question 9

It is the form of a living creature which Aristotle identifies as having five distinctive powers

Answer 9

Soul

Question 10

What are the five distincive powers of the soul according to aristotle?

Answer 10

1) The nutritive: the power living beings have to grow and take in nourishment
2) The appetitive: the power of desiring
3) The sensory: the power of perceiving things with the senses
4) The locomotive: the ability to move
5) The reasoning

Question 11

According to aristotle, Humans are rational animals, reason being their essential form, which determines one’s final goal or purpose.

true or false

Answer 11

true

Question 12

the power living beings have to grow and take in nourishment

Answer 12

The nutritive

Question 13

the power of desiring

Answer 13

The appetitive

Question 14

the power of perceiving things with the senses

Answer 14

The sensory

Question 15

the ability to move

Answer 15

The locomotive

Question 16

It is the ability to separate form from matter in abstract thought.

Answer 16

Reason

Question 17

For Aristotle, Man’s final goal, then, is to separate his form from his matter and become like God, pure form or thought which can be achieved by developing reason through the speculative life

true or false

Answer 17

true

Question 18

With his theory of Dualism, the divide between the body and the soul became ever more pronounced which impacted the paradigmatic thinking

Answer 18

Rene Descartes

Question 19

He posited the concepts
res cogitans and res extenza

Answer 19

Rene Descartes

Question 20

refers to the soul

Answer 20

res cogitans (thinking thing)

Question 21

refers to the body, thus views the body simply as an extension or a machine of the mind.

Answer 21

res extenza (extended thing)

Question 22

It is the view that there are two distinct kinds of substances, events, or properties: mental and physical

Answer 22

Dualism

Question 23

He was a dualist who held that mind and body are two completely different types of substances with different essential attributes. This view is called substance dualism

Answer 23

Rene Descartes

Question 24

Descartes has shown that the foundation of all certitude is the cogito, the thing that thinks whose existence cannot be doubted.

true or false

Answer 24

true

Question 25

Impact of the priority given to the mind over the body:

Answer 25

1. Perception over manual labor
   (manual labor requires less thinking)
2. View against women
   (rational functions are attributed to men)

Question 26

He had a quote - “Back to the things
themselves.”
(Edmund Husserl)

Answer 26

“Gabriel marcel

Question 27

According to marcel, detached way of living has resulted to the the growing lack of sensitivity among persons

true or false

Answer 27

true

Question 28

Gabriel Marcel, describes this as “living in a broken world” and attributes to what has become our relationship with our bodies which he outlined in two radical ways: (having and being)

Answer 28

1. The Body as an Object (I have a body. vs I am my body!)
   
   2. The Body as Subject (the tragedy of having vs I am my body.)

Question 29

To remind ourselves of this unique, sui generis, relationship with our body, we must constantly reflect. (Phenomenological reflection: reflect as we live in our experiences as one.)

true or false

Answer 29

true