Lecture 38: Learning and Memory

Question 1

Declarative memory

Answer 1

Explicit, temporal lobe

Question 2

Procedural memory

Answer 2

Implicit; long term perceptual learning; storage unknown

Question 3

Long-term potentiation (LTP)

Answer 3

Sustained neuronal firing over a long period of time; lots of stimulatory firing floods glutamate, post-synaptic cell recognizes that more receptors are needed

Question 4

What receptor induces LTP in the hippocampus?

Answer 4

NMDA

Question 5

Long-term depression (LTD)

Answer 5

Low-line firing at synapse that keeps memory of simple ideas; do not need many receptors

Question 6

Low frequency stimulation

Answer 6

Not many receptors needed; less receptors present on the membrane; Ca2+ binds to calmodulin and activates calcineurin

Question 7

Calcineurin

Answer 7

Keeps inhibitory protein active when more receptors are not needed

Question 8

High frequency stimulation

Answer 8

Ca2+ floods receptors; more needed - calmodulin stimulates G-protein coupled signaling that stimulates PKA. PKA phosphorylates inhibitory protein and activates CaMKII to strengthen the synapse

Question 9

Where is the individual memory trapped?

Answer 9

Hippocampal neuron

Question 10

Where does consolidation of memory occur?

Answer 10

Cortex